Ceretti-Junior Walter, Medeiros-Sousa Antonio Ralph, de Paula Marcia Bicudo, Evangelista Eduardo, Barrio-Nuevo Karolina Morales, Wilk-da-Silva Ramon, Oliveira-Christe Rafael, Marrelli Mauro Toledo
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
Health Surveillance Unit, São Paulo Municipal Secretariat, São Paulo 04262-000, Brazil.
Insects. 2025 Apr 2;16(4):376. doi: 10.3390/insects16040376.
Phytotelmata are aquatic microenvironments formed by the accumulation of water and organic matter in cavities of plants. These microenvironments serve as breeding sites for various species of mosquitoes, including some of epidemiological importance. Our objective was to identify the mosquito fauna in these microenvironments and to analyze variations in mosquito fauna diversity between bromeliads, tree holes, and bamboo internodes in Cantareira State Park, São Paulo (CSP), Brazil, where there have been reports of yellow-fever epizootics in non-human primates and circulation of plasmodia. Collections were carried out monthly from February 2015 to April 2017. The bromeliads showed greater mosquito species richness and diversity than the tree holes and bamboo internodes, as well as a very different composition. Of the 11 genera collected and 49 taxa identified, () , , () imitator, and () were the most abundant. The phytotelmata in the CSP showed significant differences in species richness, diversity, and composition and were found to support a diverse mosquito fauna to develop, including and the sylvatic yellow fever virus vector . The finding of these epidemiologically important species highlights the key role played by phytotelma breeding sites as places of refuge and species maintenance for these vectors in green areas close to urban centers.
附生植物积水处是植物腔隙中因水和有机物积聚而形成的水生微环境。这些微环境是包括一些具有流行病学重要性的多种蚊子的繁殖场所。我们的目标是确定这些微环境中的蚊子种类，并分析巴西圣保罗坎塔雷拉州立公园（CSP）中凤梨科植物、树洞和竹节间之间蚊子种类多样性的变化，该地区曾有非人类灵长类动物黄热病 epizootics 和疟原虫传播的报告。从2015年2月至2017年4月每月进行采集。凤梨科植物比树洞和竹节间显示出更高的蚊子物种丰富度和多样性，以及非常不同的组成。在所采集的11个属和鉴定出的49个分类单元中，（）、、（）模仿者和（）是最丰富的。CSP中的附生植物积水处显示出物种丰富度、多样性和组成上的显著差异，并且发现其支持多种蚊子种类的发展，包括和野生黄热病毒载体。这些具有流行病学重要性的物种的发现突出了附生植物积水处繁殖场所作为这些媒介在城市中心附近绿地中的避难所和物种维持地所起的关键作用。
