Boravleva Elizaveta, Treshchalina Anastasia, Gordeeva Daria, Gambaryan Alexandra, Belyakova Alla, Gafarova Irina, Prilipov Alexey, Sadykova Galina, Adams Simone, Timofeeva Tatiana, Lomakina Natalia
Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for the Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products, Village of Institute of Poliomyelitis, Settlement "Moskovskiy", 108819 Moscow, Russia.
The Scriabin and Kovalenko Federal Scientific Center for All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary, The Russian Academy of Sciences, 109428 Moscow, Russia.
Pathogens. 2025 Apr 14;14(4):380. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14040380.
Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs) circulating among wild birds and poultry may differ in virulence. Some NDVs cause devastating outbreaks in chickens. The NDV/duck/Moscow/3639/2008 (d3639) strain was isolated from a wild duck. Its genome was sequenced (PP795281, GenBank) and the biological properties, specifically for infection in chicken and mice, were studied. Strain d3639 of genotype I.2 has an F protein cleavage site (112-GKQGRL-117) and a HN protein length (616 a.a.) of the lentogenic pathotype. It was tested, in comparison with the genotype II LaSota vaccine strain, for its immunogenicity and protective efficacy against a challenge with the velogenic NDV strain NDV/chicken/Moscow/6081/2022 (ch6081) of sub-genotype VII.1.1, the complete genome of which was also sequenced in this study (PP766718, GenBank). Both the d3639 and LaSota viruses did not induce clinical signs in chickens or mice. Single immunization was performed by inoculation through drinking water with the live virus. Inoculation protected the chickens during a subsequent challenge with velogenic ch6081 and significantly reduced shedding in feces. Double immunization was sufficient to achieve prolonged immunity and prevented the shedding of the velogenic virus after the challenge. Thus, this natural lentogenic d3639 virus possesses properties similar to the LaSota vaccine strain and can protect against sub-genotype VII.1.1 NDV.
在野生鸟类和家禽中传播的新城疫病毒（NDV）的毒力可能有所不同。一些NDV会在鸡群中引发毁灭性疫情。NDV/鸭/莫斯科/3639/2008（d3639）毒株是从一只野鸭中分离出来的。对其基因组进行了测序（PP795281，GenBank），并研究了其生物学特性，特别是在鸡和小鼠中的感染特性。I.2基因型的d3639毒株具有弱毒株型的F蛋白裂解位点（112-GKQGRL-117）和HN蛋白长度（616个氨基酸）。将其与II基因型的LaSota疫苗株进行比较，测试了其对速发型NDV毒株NDV/鸡/莫斯科/6081/2022（ch6081）（VII.1.1亚基因型）攻毒的免疫原性和保护效果，本研究也对该毒株的全基因组进行了测序（PP766718，GenBank）。d3639和LaSota病毒在鸡或小鼠中均未引发临床症状。通过饮水接种活病毒进行单次免疫。接种可在随后用速发型ch6081攻毒时保护鸡，并显著减少粪便中的病毒 shedding。双重免疫足以实现长期免疫，并在攻毒后防止速发型病毒的 shedding。因此，这种天然的弱毒株d3639病毒具有与LaSota疫苗株相似的特性，可抵御VII.1.1亚基因型的NDV。
