Miranda-Soberón Ubaldo, Pino-Arana Isabel, Pastor-Ramírez Norma, Figueroa-Cabezudo Elena, Zevallos-Parra Cyntia, Valencia-Borja Gabriela
Human Medicine Faculty, National University "San Luis Gonzaga", Ica 11004, Peru.
Nursing Faculty, National University "San Luis Gonzaga", Ica 11004, Peru.
Vaccines (Basel). 2025 Apr 3;13(4):387. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13040387.
Vaccination in Peru began 50 years ago as part of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), which has proven effective in saving the lives of millions of children. This research aimed to determine the coverage and adherence to the vaccination schedule in children up to 18 months of age during the period 2018-2022, including the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, in order to assess its influence.
This was a secondary source study based on the Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) of Peru, including a sample of 82,702 male and female children whose caregivers presented vaccination cards. Coverage and adherence indicators were calculated, and differences were evaluated between the pre-confinement, absolute confinement, and relative confinement periods using a chi-square test.
For almost all vaccines, coverage decreased from 2018 to 2022 (from 82.46% to 80.16% on average, < 0.001). Coverage also decreased as the scheduled age increased (0-2 months: median 93%, 7-18 months: median 63%; < 0.001). Average adherence rates also declined over time (2018: 65.82% to 2022: 61.77%). The most affected vaccine was the yellow fever vaccine. Coverage did not reach protective population levels, while adherence has averaged 85.06% since 2018.
COVID-19 negatively influenced compliance with the vaccination schedule and adherence.
秘鲁的疫苗接种始于50年前，是扩大免疫规划（EPI）的一部分，该规划已被证明在拯救数百万儿童生命方面卓有成效。本研究旨在确定2018年至2022年期间18个月及以下儿童的疫苗接种覆盖率和对疫苗接种计划的依从性，包括新冠疫情封锁期间，以评估其影响。
这是一项基于秘鲁人口与家庭健康调查（ENDES）的二手资料研究，样本包括82702名有监护人出示疫苗接种卡的男女儿童。计算了覆盖率和依从性指标，并使用卡方检验评估了禁闭前、完全禁闭和相对禁闭期间的差异。
几乎所有疫苗的覆盖率从2018年到2022年都有所下降（平均从82.46%降至80.16%，<0.001）。随着预定接种年龄的增加，覆盖率也有所下降（0 - 2个月：中位数93%，7 - 18个月：中位数63%；<0.001）。平均依从率也随时间下降（2018年：65.82%至2022年：61.77%）。受影响最大的疫苗是黄热病疫苗。覆盖率未达到保护人群水平，而自2018年以来依从率平均为85.06%。
新冠疫情对疫苗接种计划的依从性和接种率产生了负面影响。
