Čivljak Tadej, Ban Ticijana, Kopić Vlatko, Petrović Valentina, Morelato Luka, Vuletić Marko, Gabrić Dragana
Department of Oral Surgery, Dental Polyclinic Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Center for Advanced Laser Techniques, Institute of Physics, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Apr 9;18(8):1724. doi: 10.3390/ma18081724.
One of the key factors influencing osseointegration is the hydrophilicity of the surface of dental implants; high hydrophilicity is more advantageous than low hydrophilicity. This study aimed to compare the hydrophilic properties of titanium and zirconia implants from different manufacturers. An in vitro analysis was conducted on 15 implants-13 titanium and 2 zirconia-each featuring distinct compositions and surface treatments. Their hydrophilicity was assessed using the contact angle method, where a drop of saline solution was pipetted onto the apical part of the implant. For each implant, 30 contact angle measurements were taken at three different surface wetting time intervals. The contact angle is defined as the internal angle between the tangent to the surface of the liquid and the surface at the point of tangency; a smaller angle means a higher hydrophilicity. The results show that titanium implants from BTI UniCa, Nobel TiUltra, and Straumann Roxolid SLActive-which are classified as premium implants-exhibited the highest hydrophilicity. In contrast, zirconia implants demonstrated significantly lower hydrophilicity. Within this group, the Nobel Pearl implant exhibited smaller contact angles than the Bredent WhiteSKY implant. Our findings confirm that high-quality titanium implants show superior hydrophilicity, potentially improving clinical outcomes by accelerating healing and facilitating immediate loading protocols, but this could only be proven with an in vivo animal study. Conversely, the relatively lower hydrophilicity of zirconia implants highlights the need for continued advancements in zirconia composition and surface modification to optimize their osseointegration potential.
影响骨结合的关键因素之一是牙种植体表面的亲水性；高亲水性比低亲水性更具优势。本研究旨在比较不同制造商生产的钛和氧化锆种植体的亲水性能。对15种植体进行了体外分析，其中13种为钛种植体，2种为氧化锆种植体，每种种植体都具有不同的成分和表面处理。使用接触角法评估它们的亲水性，即将一滴盐溶液移液到种植体的顶端部分。对于每种种植体，在三个不同的表面湿润时间间隔下进行30次接触角测量。接触角定义为液体表面切线与切点处表面之间的内角；角度越小，亲水性越高。结果表明，BTI UniCa、Nobel TiUltra和Straumann Roxolid SLActive生产的钛种植体（均被归类为高端种植体）表现出最高的亲水性。相比之下，氧化锆种植体的亲水性明显较低。在该组中，Nobel Pearl种植体的接触角比Bredent WhiteSKY种植体小。我们的研究结果证实，高质量的钛种植体显示出卓越的亲水性，可能通过加速愈合和促进即刻负重方案来改善临床结果，但这只能通过体内动物研究来证实。相反，氧化锆种植体相对较低的亲水性凸显了在氧化锆成分和表面改性方面持续取得进展以优化其骨结合潜力的必要性。
