Lu Shao-Quan, Chiu Liu-Ho, Chang Pei-Jung, Lin Chung-Kwei
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Tatung University, Taipei 104327, Taiwan.
Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Apr 15;18(8):1797. doi: 10.3390/ma18081797.
Bearing steels are frequently used in highly loaded components, such as roller bearings, due to their excellent hardenability and wear resistance. Microstructure, hardness, and residual stress distribution of the bearings significantly affect the wear resistance of the parts. In the present study, experiments investigated the effects of austenitizing temperature (850, 900, and 950 °C), with or without cryogenic treatment, and induction hardening treatment (9 and 12 kW) on the microstructure, microhardness, the amount of retained austenite, surface residual stress, and wear behavior of JIS SUJ3 steel. The experimental results revealed that the austenitized specimens' microstructure consisted of martensite, retained austenite, and dispersed granular alloy carbide exhibiting high hardness. After cryogenic or induction hardening treatment, the surface residual stress of austenitized specimens exhibited compressive stress rather than its original tensile stress state. The induction hardening treatment can significantly increase the microhardness of austenitized specimens, followed by quenching. Furthermore, the induction-hardened surface possessed less retained austenite. For practical industrial applications, a prior austenitizing heat treatment at 950 °C followed by hardening with an induction power of 12 kW was the optimal parameter for JIS SUJ3 bearing steel. The maximum microhardness and surface residual stress were 920 HV and -1083 MPa, respectively, while the lowest weight loss was 0.5 mg after the 10,000-revolution wear test.
由于具有出色的淬透性和耐磨性，轴承钢常用于诸如滚动轴承等高负载部件中。轴承的微观结构、硬度和残余应力分布会显著影响部件的耐磨性。在本研究中，实验探究了奥氏体化温度（850、900和950°C）、有无深冷处理以及感应淬火处理（9和12千瓦）对JIS SUJ3钢的微观结构、显微硬度、残余奥氏体量、表面残余应力和磨损行为的影响。实验结果表明，奥氏体化试样的微观结构由马氏体、残余奥氏体和呈现高硬度的弥散粒状合金碳化物组成。经过深冷或感应淬火处理后，奥氏体化试样的表面残余应力呈现压应力，而非其原始的拉应力状态。感应淬火处理能够显著提高奥氏体化试样的显微硬度，随后进行淬火。此外，感应淬火表面的残余奥氏体较少。对于实际工业应用而言，先在950°C进行奥氏体化热处理，然后以12千瓦的感应功率进行淬火，是JIS SUJ3轴承钢的最佳参数。在10000转磨损试验后，最大显微硬度和表面残余应力分别为920 HV和-1083 MPa，而最低重量损失为0.5毫克。
