Malcangi Giuseppina, Inchingolo Alessio Danilo, Trilli Irma, Ferrante Laura, Casamassima Lucia, Nardelli Paola, Inchingolo Francesco, Palermo Andrea, Severino Marco, Inchingolo Angelo Michele, Dipalma Gianna
Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70121 Bari, Italy.
Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Apr 18;18(8):1863. doi: 10.3390/ma18081863.
This systematic review evaluates the clinical effectiveness of hyaluronic acid (HA) in periodontal therapy, oral surgery, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Background. HA, a biocompatible glycosaminoglycan with anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties, is increasingly used in dentistry to enhance healing, reduce pain, and support periodontal regeneration. However, its efficacy compared to conventional treatments remains debated. Materials and Methods. A systematic search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases (2015-2025). Twenty-one clinical studies, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case-control studies, were analyzed for outcomes related to pain reduction, tissue regeneration, and functional recovery. HA improved clinical attachment levels, reduced probing depth, and enhanced wound healing in periodontal therapy and oral surgery. It accelerated healing after extractions and frenectomies. However, TMJ disorder studies showed mixed results, with some reporting pain relief and functional improvement, while others found no significant advantage over platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or corticosteroids. Variability in HA formulations and protocols influenced outcomes. HA is a promising adjunct for periodontal therapy and wound healing. However, its role in TMJ treatment remains uncertain. Further RCTs with standardized protocols are needed to determine its optimal clinical application.
本系统评价评估了透明质酸（HA）在牙周治疗、口腔外科手术和颞下颌关节（TMJ）疾病中的临床疗效。背景。HA是一种具有抗炎和再生特性的生物相容性糖胺聚糖，在牙科领域越来越多地用于促进愈合、减轻疼痛和支持牙周组织再生。然而，与传统治疗方法相比，其疗效仍存在争议。材料与方法。按照PRISMA指南，在PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science数据库（2015 - 2025年）中进行了系统检索。对21项临床研究进行了分析，这些研究包括随机对照试验（RCT）和病例对照研究，分析其与疼痛减轻、组织再生和功能恢复相关的结果。在牙周治疗和口腔外科手术中，HA改善了临床附着水平，减少了探诊深度，并促进了伤口愈合。它加快了拔牙和唇系带切除术术后的愈合。然而，颞下颌关节疾病的研究结果不一，一些研究报告了疼痛缓解和功能改善，而另一些研究发现与富血小板血浆（PRP）或皮质类固醇相比没有显著优势。HA制剂和方案的差异影响了结果。HA是牙周治疗和伤口愈合的一种有前景的辅助治疗方法。然而，其在颞下颌关节治疗中的作用仍不确定。需要进一步开展采用标准化方案的随机对照试验，以确定其最佳临床应用。
