Shifera Nigusie, Matiyas Rahel, Keyzema Dereje Korkoba, Girma Desalegn, Yosef Tewodros
Public Health, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia
Psychology, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia.
BMJ Open. 2025 May 6;15(5):e086405. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086405.
Gender-based violence (GBV) is a pervasive global issue that transcends cultural, economic and educational boundaries, with an exceptionally high prevalence among refugees. Despite extensive research on GBV in Ethiopia, evidence of its occurrence in refugee settings remains limited.
To examine the prevalence and contributing factors of GBV among reproductive-age women in the Okugu Refugee Camp, Gambella, Ethiopia.
A facility-based cross-sectional study.
This study analysed 416 reproductive-age women living in Okugu Refugee Camp.
The study was conducted in the Okugu Refugee Camp from 15 March to 30 May 2023.
The study's primary outcome was gender-based violence, while the secondary outcome focused on the factors influencing it.
A total of 422 reproductive-age women participated in the study, with a response rate of 98.6%. The prevalence of gender-based violence was 64.4% (95% CI: 59% to 69%). Among the participants, 51.9% experienced physical violence, while 34.9% had a history of sexual violence. Factors, illiterate women (AOR=2.73, 95% CI: 1.509 to 4.942), those who had lived in the camp for more than 4 years (AOR=3.24, 95% CI: 1.964 to 5.372), women who did not discuss sexual intercourse with their family or intimate partner (AOR=4.7, 95% CI: 2.83 to 7.80) and women who consumed alcohol (AOR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.30 to 3.69) were at significantly higher risk of experiencing gender-based violence.
Gender-based violence in the study area was highly prevalent. Key determinants included illiteracy, alcohol consumption, lack of discussion and prolonged stay in the camp. Stakeholders should prioritise interventions such as promoting female education, fostering open discussions and addressing substance use to mitigate gender-based violence in the refugee camp.
基于性别的暴力（GBV）是一个普遍存在的全球性问题，跨越文化、经济和教育界限，在难民中发生率极高。尽管在埃塞俄比亚对基于性别的暴力进行了广泛研究，但在难民环境中其发生的证据仍然有限。
调查埃塞俄比亚甘贝拉奥库古难民营中育龄妇女基于性别的暴力的发生率及其影响因素。
一项基于机构的横断面研究。
本研究分析了居住在奥库古难民营的416名育龄妇女。
该研究于2023年3月15日至5月30日在奥库古难民营进行。
该研究的主要结局是基于性别的暴力，次要结局侧重于影响它的因素。
共有422名育龄妇女参与了该研究，应答率为98.6%。基于性别的暴力发生率为64.4%（95%可信区间：59%至69%）。在参与者中，51.9%经历过身体暴力，34.9%有性暴力史。因素包括文盲妇女（调整后比值比[AOR]=2.73，95%可信区间：1.509至4.942）、在难民营居住超过4年的妇女（AOR=3.24，95%可信区间：1.964至5.372）、未与家人或亲密伴侣讨论过性行为的妇女（AOR=4.7，95%可信区间：2.83至7.80）以及饮酒的妇女（AOR=2.19，95%可信区间：1.30至3.69），她们遭受基于性别的暴力的风险显著更高。
研究地区基于性别的暴力非常普遍。关键决定因素包括文盲、饮酒、缺乏讨论以及在难民营的长期停留。利益相关者应优先采取干预措施，如促进女性教育、鼓励公开讨论以及解决物质使用问题，以减轻难民营中的基于性别的暴力。
