Bednarczuk Grzegorz, Marszałek Jolanta, Molik Bartosz, Nowak Agnieszka Magdalena, Bastos Tania
Faculty of Rehabilitation, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland.
Faculty of Sport, Centre of Research, Education, Innovation in Sport (CIFI2D) Portugal, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 7;15(1):15907. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-00447-y.
Football requires skills to perform passes, reception, shots and dribbling. Amputation of lower limb decrease balance, but is crucial for movement control in amputee football. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess balance of amputee football players according to sports level, training experience, position on the pitch, type and moment of acquiring disability (from birth, during life). The study involved 66 participants of the European Amputee Football Championships. Balance was measured using stabilographic platform. Participants performed one-leg stance test (eyes open and closed). There were no differences in balance level between players of teams ranked between 1 and 7 and 8 to 14 places in the championships. Players who trained for more than 8 years had significantly better balance compared to players who trained shorter in trials with eyes closed. No differences in balance levels identified between groups according to position on the pitch. Although balance plays a significant role in open-skills sports, it seems to be an area underutilized in amputee football. Therefore, the training of this motor skills should be systematic and include balance exercises performed on stable and unstable backgrounds, with eyes open and closed, and individualized according to the players roles on the pitch.
足球运动需要传球、接球、射门和运球等技能。下肢截肢会降低平衡能力，但对于截肢者足球运动中的动作控制至关重要。因此，本研究的目的是根据运动水平、训练经验、在球场上的位置、残疾类型和致残时间（出生时、生活期间）来评估截肢者足球运动员的平衡能力。该研究纳入了66名欧洲截肢者足球锦标赛的参与者。使用稳定平台测量平衡能力。参与者进行单腿站立测试（睁眼和闭眼）。在锦标赛中排名1至7位和8至14位的球队的球员之间，平衡水平没有差异。与训练时间较短的球员相比，训练超过8年的球员在闭眼测试中的平衡能力明显更好。根据在球场上的位置，各组之间的平衡水平没有差异。尽管平衡在开放技能运动中起着重要作用，但在截肢者足球运动中似乎是一个未得到充分利用的领域。因此，这种运动技能的训练应该是系统的，包括在稳定和不稳定背景下进行的睁眼和闭眼平衡练习，并根据球员在球场上的角色进行个性化训练。
