Edmealem Afework, Ayenew Temesgen, Ayenew Setarg, Tegegne Belachew, Ademe Sewunet, Esubalew Dereje, Getie Addisu, Liknaw Tiliksew
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Apr 23;12:1549109. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1549109. eCollection 2025.
In any field, professionalism is essential. A profession can fulfill its responsibilities when professionals develop their knowledge in various ways, such as continuing professional development, expanding their skill levels, adhering to the norms of the profession, and demonstrating high levels of commitment. Developing professionalism in nurses is a key strategy for improving the quality of nursing care and healthcare. However, no study has shown a comprehensive overview of professionalism in nursing in Ethiopia. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aim to present a comprehensive assessment of the overall level of professionalism in nursing in Ethiopia.
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis standard was followed in the reporting of this systematic review and meta-analysis. An extensive exploration of digital repositories, including PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Cochrane, Africa Journal of Online, Google Scholar, and an advanced Google search, was conducted to obtain published studies detailing professionalism in nursing in Ethiopia. STATA version 17 commands created the pooled estimate with a 95% confidence interval. The I test and Egger's test were used to identify the presence of heterogeneity and publication bias, respectively. To manage heterogeneity, a subgroup analysis and random effect model were used.
A total of 11 articles with a total of 3,581 participants were included in the final systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of professionalism in nursing in Ethiopia was 54% (95% CI: 44, 66%). In the subgroup analysis, the highest pooled estimate of professionalism in nursing was observed in South Ethiopia, which is 64% (95% CI: 43-86%).
The level of professionalism in nursing in Ethiopia is suboptimal. Being female, having a higher educational level, having long years of experience, having a low workload, having favorable job satisfaction, being a member of a nursing organization, having a good working environment, working in non-stressful units, and having a good organizational culture were the major factors that had a positive association with professionalism in nursing. Therefore, healthcare professionals, the Ministry of Health, and other stakeholders should focus on interventions to enhance the organizational culture, job satisfaction, working unit, and working schedule for nurses.
在任何领域，专业素养都至关重要。当专业人员通过多种方式发展其知识时，一个职业才能履行其职责，比如持续专业发展、提升技能水平、遵守职业规范以及展现出高度的敬业精神。培养护士的专业素养是提高护理质量和医疗保健水平的关键策略。然而，尚无研究全面概述埃塞俄比亚护理领域的专业素养情况。因此，本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在全面评估埃塞俄比亚护理专业素养的整体水平。
本系统评价和荟萃分析的报告遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目标准。对包括PubMed（MEDLINE）、EMBASE、Cochrane、《非洲在线期刊》、谷歌学术以及高级谷歌搜索在内的数字资源库进行了广泛探索，以获取详细阐述埃塞俄比亚护理专业素养的已发表研究。使用STATA 17版本的命令创建了95%置信区间的合并估计值。分别使用I检验和Egger检验来识别异质性和发表偏倚的存在。为了处理异质性，采用了亚组分析和随机效应模型。
最终的系统评价和荟萃分析共纳入11篇文章，总计3581名参与者。埃塞俄比亚护理专业素养的合并估计值为54%（95%置信区间：44, 66%）。在亚组分析中，埃塞俄比亚南部护理专业素养的合并估计值最高，为64%（95%置信区间：43 - 86%）。
埃塞俄比亚护理专业素养水平欠佳。女性、教育水平较高、工作年限长、工作量低、工作满意度高、是护理组织成员、工作环境良好、在压力较小的科室工作以及拥有良好的组织文化是与护理专业素养呈正相关的主要因素。因此，医疗保健专业人员、卫生部和其他利益相关者应专注于采取干预措施，以改善护士的组织文化、工作满意度、工作科室和工作安排。
