Understanding and practices of over-the-counter drugs for self-care among students of different medical faculties in a low-and middle-income country.

INTRODUCTION

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs play a critical role in self-care, markedly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Nepal. Understanding and practices related to OTC drug use among health science students are crucial, given their role in the future of healthcare. This study was conducted with the objective to compare and assess the understanding and practices of OTC drugs for self-care among medical, pharmacy, and nursing students and evaluate the impact of their education on these practices.

METHODS

A multicenter comparative cross-sectional study was conducted across three health science colleges affiliated with different universities in Nepal. A total of 129 health science students from medicine (77), pharmacy (23), and nursing (29) faculties were selected. Understanding and practice scores were analyzed, and socio-demographic variables were examined for associations with OTC drug use.

RESULTS

Most students exhibited moderate to poor understanding and practices regarding OTC drug use. Understanding scores were comparable across faculties, with medical students showing the highest proportion of good understanding (7.8%). Practice scores were highest among pharmacy students (4.34%). A significant number of students self-medicated without consulting healthcare professionals and often used OTC drugs due to convenience. There were no statistically significant differences in understanding and practice of OTC based on socio-demographic factors, including faculties.

CONCLUSION

The study highlighted a general lack of understanding and inadequate practices related to OTC drugs among health science students. These findings underscore the need for improved education and regulation to promote responsible self-medication practices.