尼泊尔博克拉山谷的自我用药实践探索。
Exploration of self-medication practice in Pokhara valley of Nepal.
机构信息
Department of Pharmacology, Gandaki Medical College - Teaching Hospital, Rithepani, Pokhara, Nepal.
Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Karnali province, Nepal.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2020 May 19;20(1):714. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08860-w.
BACKGROUND
Self-medication (SM) is the practice of consuming medication without the consultation of physician. The drugs most commonly self-medicated are paracetamol, analgesics, ranitidine, oral rehydration solution and antibiotics. The objective of the study was to assess the SM status and its causes in Pokhara valley of Nepal.
METHOD
The study was conducted among the people residing in Pokhara metropolitan city. The study duration was of 4 months from April to July, 2018. The study population were patients attending health general and oral health screening programs at Baidam, Birauta, Hemja and Pame areas of Pokhara. Structured questionnaire was used to collect demographics of the patients and the details of the usage of self-medication.
RESULT
Out of 201 patients, 38.2% patients were found to be self-medicating. The most common illness sought for SM was ache (headache, body ache) in 50% subjects followed by cough and cold in 31% and gastritis in 23%. Paracetamol was the drug consumed by 16 subjects followed by nimesulide by 11. Lack of knowledge about the disadvantages of SM led to self-medication in 65% of respondents. The personnel most commonly consulted for medication were pharmacists (60%).
CONCLUSION
The trend of SM is high in Pokhara valley. The comedics were consulted most often for SM due to lack of knowledge of consultation to physicians. The public should be made aware about SM.
背景
自我药疗（SM）是指未经医生咨询而自行使用药物的行为。最常被自我药疗的药物是对乙酰氨基酚、镇痛药、雷尼替丁、口服补液盐和抗生素。本研究的目的是评估尼泊尔博克拉山谷的自我药疗状况及其原因。
方法
该研究在博克拉大都市进行。研究时间为 2018 年 4 月至 7 月，为期 4 个月。研究人群为在博克拉 Baidam、Birauta、Hemja 和 Pame 地区参加一般健康和口腔健康筛查计划的患者。使用结构化问卷收集患者的人口统计学资料和自我用药情况的详细信息。
结果
在 201 名患者中，发现 38.2%的患者存在自我药疗行为。最常见的自我药疗疾病是疼痛（头痛、身体疼痛），占 50%，其次是咳嗽和感冒，占 31%，胃炎占 23%。16 名患者服用了对乙酰氨基酚，11 名患者服用了尼美舒利。65%的受访者因缺乏对自我药疗缺点的认识而导致自我药疗。最常咨询的用药人员是药剂师（60%）。
结论
博克拉山谷的自我药疗趋势很高。由于缺乏向医生咨询的知识，感冒药最常被用于自我药疗。应让公众了解自我药疗的危害。
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