Hemmings Ryan J, Maloney Sean J
Faculty of Science and Technology, London Sport Institute, Middlesex University, London, UK.
Sports Science Department, Leyton Orient Football Club, Chigwell, UK.
J Sports Sci. 2025 Aug;43(15):1452-1461. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2025.2502897. Epub 2025 May 8.
The current study sought to compare single leg (SL) landing and cutting mechanics within a cohort of youth footballers. A secondary aim was to examine how task complexity modulates the relationship between maturation and performance. Thirty-nine soccer players from an English football academy were categorised as pre-, circa- and post-peak height velocity (PHV). As part of routine club testing, players performed 1) bilateral and SL jumps (countermovement jump (CMJ) and 10/5 rebound jump tests), 2) speed (30-m sprint), and 3) change of direction (COD; 505 test and 45° cut) assessments. Landing (LESS score) and cutting mechanics (CMAS score) were determined during SL CMJ and 45° cuts, respectively. Differences in landing mechanics were not observed between groups. However, large effect sizes indicated that CMAS scores were lower in the post-PHV group versus pre- and circa-PHV groups, indicative of a favourable cutting technique. The circa-PHV group outperformed the pre-PHV group in the 'simpler' bilateral CMJ and linear sprint assessments, but not in the SL CMJ, 10/5 or COD assessments. The observed variability between participants in the circa-PHV period could be interpreted by changes in coordinative abilities. It is possible that athletes may require closer monitoring and possible training modification during this phase.
本研究旨在比较一组青少年足球运动员单腿(SL)落地和变向动作的力学特征。次要目的是研究任务复杂性如何调节成熟度与运动表现之间的关系。来自一家英国足球学院的39名足球运动员被分为身高增长速度峰值前、接近峰值和峰值后三个阶段。作为俱乐部常规测试的一部分,运动员进行了以下测试:1)双侧和单腿跳跃(反向移动跳跃(CMJ)和10/5反弹跳跃测试);2)速度测试(30米短跑);3)变向能力测试(COD;505测试和45°变向测试)。分别在单腿CMJ和45°变向测试中测定落地力学特征(LESS评分)和变向动作力学特征(CMAS评分)。各组之间未观察到落地力学特征的差异。然而,较大的效应量表明,与身高增长速度峰值前和接近峰值的组相比,身高增长速度峰值后的组CMAS评分较低,这表明其变向技术更优。在“更简单”的双侧CMJ和直线短跑测试中,接近身高增长速度峰值的组表现优于身高增长速度峰值前的组,但在单腿CMJ、10/5或COD测试中并非如此。在接近身高增长速度峰值阶段观察到的参与者之间的变异性可以通过协调能力的变化来解释。在此阶段,运动员可能需要更密切的监测和可能的训练调整。