Nakai Tomoya, Kubo Rieko, Nishimoto Shinji
Araya Inc, Tokyo, Japan.
Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM U1028 - CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon, Bron, France.
Commun Biol. 2025 May 8;8(1):713. doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-08134-4.
The variability in brain function forms the basis for our uniqueness. Prior studies indicate smaller individual differences and larger inter-subject correlation (ISC) in sensorimotor areas than in the association cortex. These studies, deriving information from brain activity, leave individual differences in cognitive structures based on task similarity relations unexplored. This study quantitatively evaluates these differences by integrating ISC, representational similarity analysis, and vertex-wise encoding models using functional magnetic resonance imaging across 25 cognitive tasks. ISC based on cognitive structures enables subject identification with 100% accuracy using at least 14 tasks. ISC is larger in the fronto-parietal association and higher-order visual cortices, suggesting subject-invariant cognitive structures in these regions. Principal component analysis reveals different cognitive structure configurations within these regions. This study provides evidence of individual variability and similarity in abstract cognitive structures.
大脑功能的变异性构成了我们独特性的基础。先前的研究表明，与联合皮层相比，感觉运动区域的个体差异较小，受试者间相关性（ISC）较大。这些从大脑活动中获取信息的研究，未探讨基于任务相似性关系的认知结构中的个体差异。本研究通过整合ISC、表征相似性分析和顶点编码模型，使用功能磁共振成像对25项认知任务进行定量评估这些差异。基于认知结构的ISC能够使用至少14项任务以100%的准确率识别受试者。ISC在额顶联合区和高阶视觉皮层中更大，表明这些区域存在受试者不变的认知结构。主成分分析揭示了这些区域内不同的认知结构配置。本研究为抽象认知结构中的个体变异性和相似性提供了证据。
