Shi Shaoyan, Ou Xuehai, Wang Qian, Zhang Li
Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Honghui Hospital North District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, People's Republic of China.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2025 May 4;20:5763-5777. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S518655. eCollection 2025.
Diabetic wounds represent a significant clinical and economic challenge owing to their chronicity and susceptibility to complications. Dysregulated macrophage function is a key factor in delayed wound healing. Recent studies have emphasized the therapeutic potential of macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (MDEVs), which are enriched with bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids that mirror the state of their parent cells. MDEVs influence immune modulation, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and intercellular communication. In this review, we summarize and discuss the biological properties and therapeutic mechanisms of MDEVs in diabetic wound healing, highlighting strategies to enhance their efficacy through bioengineering and advanced delivery systems. We also explore the integration of MDEVs into innovative wound care technologies. Addressing current limitations and advancing clinical translation of MDEVs could advance diabetic wound management, offering a precise, effective, and versatile therapeutic option.
由于糖尿病伤口具有慢性特点且易引发并发症，它们给临床和经济带来了重大挑战。巨噬细胞功能失调是伤口愈合延迟的关键因素。最近的研究强调了巨噬细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡（MDEVs）的治疗潜力，这些囊泡富含蛋白质、脂质和核酸等生物活性分子，反映了其母细胞的状态。MDEVs影响免疫调节、血管生成、细胞外基质重塑和细胞间通讯。在本综述中，我们总结并讨论了MDEVs在糖尿病伤口愈合中的生物学特性和治疗机制，重点介绍了通过生物工程和先进递送系统提高其疗效的策略。我们还探讨了将MDEVs整合到创新伤口护理技术中的情况。解决MDEVs当前的局限性并推进其临床转化，有望改善糖尿病伤口管理，提供一种精确、有效且通用的治疗选择。
