Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China; School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore; Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
Biomaterials. 2024 Sep;309:122585. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122585. Epub 2024 Apr 27.
Tissue defect is one of the significant challenges encountered in clinical practice. Nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, nanofibers, and metal-organic frameworks, have demonstrated an extensive potential in tissue regeneration, offering a promising avenue for future clinical applications. Nonetheless, the intricate landscape of the inflammatory tissue microenvironment has engendered challenges to the efficacy of nanomaterial-based therapies. This quandary has spurred researchers to pivot towards advanced nanotechnological remedies for overcoming these therapeutic constraints. Among these solutions, microenvironment-sensitive nanozymes have emerged as a compelling instrument with the capacity to reshape the tissue microenvironment and enhance the intricate process of tissue regeneration. In this review, we summarize the microenvironmental characteristics of damaged tissues, offer insights into the rationale guiding the design and engineering of microenvironment-sensitive nanozymes, and explore the underlying mechanisms that underpin these nanozymes' responsiveness. This analysis includes their roles in orchestrating cellular signaling, modulating immune responses, and promoting the delicate process of tissue remodeling. Furthermore, we discuss the diverse applications of microenvironment-sensitive nanozymes in tissue regeneration, including bone, soft tissue, and cartilage regeneration. Finally, we shed our sights on envisioning the forthcoming milestones in this field, prospecting a future where microenvironment-sensitive nanozymes contribute significantly to the development of tissue regeneration and improved clinical outcomes.
组织缺陷是临床实践中遇到的重大挑战之一。纳米材料，包括纳米粒子、纳米纤维和金属有机骨架，在组织再生方面显示出了广泛的潜力，为未来的临床应用提供了有前途的途径。然而，炎症组织微环境的复杂情况给基于纳米材料的治疗的疗效带来了挑战。这一困境促使研究人员转向先进的纳米技术疗法来克服这些治疗限制。在这些解决方案中，微环境敏感纳米酶作为一种有吸引力的工具出现了，它具有重塑组织微环境和增强组织再生复杂过程的能力。在这篇综述中，我们总结了受损组织的微环境特征，探讨了设计和工程微环境敏感纳米酶的基本原理，并探讨了这些纳米酶响应性的潜在机制。这包括它们在协调细胞信号、调节免疫反应和促进组织重塑精细过程中的作用。此外，我们还讨论了微环境敏感纳米酶在组织再生中的多种应用，包括骨、软组织和软骨再生。最后，我们展望了该领域的未来发展方向，期望微环境敏感纳米酶在组织再生和改善临床结果方面发挥重要作用。
