Yenice Engin, Çenesiz Ali Anıl, Çiftci İbrahim, Ceylan Necmettin, Toprak Neşe Nuray, Yavaş İsmail
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye.
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye.
Poult Sci. 2025 Jul;104(7):105230. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.105230. Epub 2025 Apr 29.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of particle size and feed form on the performance, egg quality, digestive organs, and plumage condition in laying hens between 44 and 60 weeks of age. A total of 432 Hy-Line W80 white laying hens at 44 weeks of age were randomly allocated to 6 treatments with 12 replicates. Two particle sizes (fine and coarse; 3- and 9-mm screens, respectively) and three feed forms (mash, pellet and crumble), were evaluated in a completely randomized block design with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Neither particle size nor feed form significantly affected final body weight (60 weeks), mortality rate or egg production (P > 0.05). Mash feed significantly increased average daily feed intake compared to pellets and crumbles when the particle size was coarse (P ≤ 0.05). Coarse particle size and crumble or pellet feeds improved feed conversion ratio and egg mass compared with the fine and mash treatments (P ≤ 0.05). Fine feed particle size improved shell quality and Haugh unit (P ≤ 0.05) compared to coarse grinding, while yolk color was lower (P ≤ 0.05) with the fine particle size. Shell quality and yolk color were reduced (P ≤ 0.05) in the pellet feeds. However, shell quality did not differ significantly from the mash feed in terms of shell breaking strength (P > 0.05), and yolk color did not differ significantly from the crumble feed (P > 0.05). Coarse and mash feeds significantly increased the relative weight of the gizzard (P ≤ 0.05). Neither particle size nor feed form affected plumage condition, except for neck feathers (P > 0.05). Overall, the results of the current research showed that crumble or pellet form and coarse particle size, rather than mash, and fine particle size, improved performance. In addition, the crumble feed form did not cause any significant compromise in egg quality while improving performance.
本研究旨在调查颗粒大小和饲料形态对44至60周龄蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、消化器官及羽毛状况的影响。选取432只44周龄的海兰W80白羽蛋鸡，随机分为6个处理组，每组12个重复。采用2×3析因设计，评估两种颗粒大小（分别为细颗粒和粗颗粒；筛网孔径分别为3毫米和9毫米）和三种饲料形态（粉料、颗粒料和破碎料）。颗粒大小和饲料形态对最终体重（60周龄）、死亡率或产蛋量均无显著影响（P>0.05）。当颗粒大小为粗颗粒时，粉料的平均日采食量显著高于颗粒料和破碎料（P≤0.05）。与细颗粒和粉料处理相比，粗颗粒大小以及破碎料或颗粒料提高了饲料转化率和蛋重（P≤0.05）。与粗磨相比，细饲料颗粒大小改善了蛋壳质量和哈氏单位（P≤0.05），但细颗粒大小的蛋黄颜色较低（P≤0.05）。颗粒料的蛋壳质量和蛋黄颜色降低（P≤0.05）。然而，在蛋壳破裂强度方面，颗粒料与粉料的蛋壳质量无显著差异（P>0.05），蛋黄颜色与破碎料也无显著差异（P>0.05）。粗颗粒和粉料显著增加了肌胃的相对重量（P≤0.05）。颗粒大小和饲料形态对羽毛状况无影响，但颈部羽毛除外（P>0.05）。总体而言，当前研究结果表明，破碎料或颗粒料形态以及粗颗粒大小而非粉料和细颗粒大小可提高生产性能。此外，破碎料形态在提高生产性能的同时，并未对蛋品质造成任何显著损害。
