Liu Jinfang, Wang Qingliang, Ma Rong, Du Qian, Ni Na, Zhao Sijia, Sun Caihong, Zhao Qian, Lai Yongxian, Liu Guangpeng
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Center of Trichomed, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.
Lasers Med Sci. 2025 May 10;40(1):216. doi: 10.1007/s10103-025-04469-w.
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is associated with the scalp microbiota, but the role of microflora during hair loss has not been fully characterized. Erbium: yttrium aluminum garnet (Er: Yag) is a microablative laser treatment for hair regeneration that can cause minimal damage to the skin surface. This investigation aimed to evaluate the effects of microtrauma caused by the Er: Yag laser of AGA on scalp microorganisms. Thirteen AGA patients in this study received Er: Yag laser treatment (3.3 Hz frequency and 7.00 J/cm pulse fluence). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the scalp bacteria. Before treatment, microflora samples were collected 2 hours and 48 hours after shampooing. Samples were also collected on the third, seventh, and fourteenth days following laser treatment. Scalp microorganisms coding the 16S ribosomal RNA V3/V4 region were analysed by high-throughput DNA sequencing. Globular bacteria were detected through the SEM images on the epidermis at the junction of the hair shaft and hair follicle. The results of the 16S sequencing revealed that the most abundant genera observed across all samples prior to laser treatment were Cutibacterium species (spp.) (53%) and Staphylococcus spp. (13%) in 13 AGA patients. Three days after laser treatment, Firmicutes, Staphylococcus spp., and Staphylococcus capitis were significantly more abundant at the phylum, genus, and species levels than before, respectively. These data suggest that the presence of Staphylococcus spp. significantly increased after microtrauma caused by Er: Yag laser treatment, indicating that the Er: Yag laser might play an essential role in modulating and restoring the balance of scalp microbiota.
雄激素性脱发（AGA）与头皮微生物群有关，但微生物群在脱发过程中的作用尚未完全明确。铒：钇铝石榴石（Er：Yag）是一种用于毛发再生的微剥脱激光治疗方法，对皮肤表面造成的损伤最小。本研究旨在评估Er：Yag激光对AGA造成的微创伤对头皮微生物的影响。本研究中的13例AGA患者接受了Er：Yag激光治疗（频率3.3 Hz，脉冲能量密度7.00 J/cm）。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察头皮细菌。治疗前，在洗发后2小时和48小时采集微生物群样本。在激光治疗后的第三天、第七天和第十四天也采集样本。通过高通量DNA测序分析编码16S核糖体RNA V3/V4区域的头皮微生物。通过SEM图像在毛干与毛囊交界处的表皮上检测到球状细菌。16S测序结果显示，在13例AGA患者中，激光治疗前所有样本中观察到的最丰富菌属为丙酸杆菌属（53%）和葡萄球菌属（13%）。激光治疗三天后，厚壁菌门、葡萄球菌属和头葡萄球菌在门、属和种水平上的丰度分别显著高于治疗前。这些数据表明，Er：Yag激光治疗造成微创伤后葡萄球菌属的数量显著增加，表明Er：Yag激光可能在调节和恢复头皮微生物群平衡中起重要作用。
