Jiang Jingle, Wu Haili, Yuan Yaohua
Shanghai Endangered Species Conservation and Research Centre, Shanghai Zoo, Shanghai 200335, China.
Shanghai Endangered Species Conservation and Research Centre, Shanghai Zoo, Shanghai 200335, China.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2025 Sep;55:101529. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101529. Epub 2025 May 7.
The influences of different bamboo species on the microbiome and metabolome of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) remain understudied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different Phyllostachys species on the gut microbial communities and fecal metabolite profiles in giant pandas. Metagenome and metabolome were performed on the feces of giant pandas fed with different Phyllostachys species (P. edulis, P. iridescens, P. glauca, and P. violascens). The results of metagenome showed that dietary with P. glauca could notably decrease the microbial Shannon index. The relative abundances of both Cellulosilyticum and Pseudomonas were enhanced after dietary with P. iridescens, suggesting P. iridescens could enhance the cellulose-degrading function in giant pandas. However, dietary with P. glauca or P. violascens could increase the relative abundances of certain pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia, Shigella, and Klebsiella). Metabolomics analysis further revealed that all experimental groups exhibited notably elevated levels of fecal flavonoids and fatty acids. In addition, the correlation analysis showed that certain nutrients of bamboo leaves (mainly crude protein and Cu) were significantly correlated with several differential gut bacteria and fecal metabolites. Based on the present results, P. iridescens might be a substitute for the routinely used Phyllostachys species (P. edulis) in the captive management of giant pandas. The results have revealed that bamboo species is an important factor affecting the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in giant pandas. Our results could provide important information about bamboo species-induced alterations on the microbiome and metabolome in giant pandas.
不同竹种对大熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）微生物组和代谢组的影响仍未得到充分研究。本研究的目的是调查不同毛竹种类对大熊猫肠道微生物群落和粪便代谢物谱的影响。对喂食不同毛竹种类（毛竹、花毛竹、淡竹和紫竹）的大熊猫粪便进行了宏基因组和代谢组分析。宏基因组结果表明，食用淡竹可显著降低微生物香农指数。食用花毛竹后，纤维素分解菌和假单胞菌的相对丰度均有所增加，表明花毛竹可增强大熊猫的纤维素降解功能。然而，食用淡竹或紫竹会增加某些病原菌（大肠杆菌、志贺氏菌和克雷伯氏菌）的相对丰度。代谢组学分析进一步表明，所有实验组的粪便类黄酮和脂肪酸水平均显著升高。此外，相关性分析表明，竹叶的某些营养成分（主要是粗蛋白和铜）与几种差异肠道细菌和粪便代谢物显著相关。基于目前的结果，花毛竹可能是圈养大熊猫管理中常用毛竹种类（毛竹）的替代品。结果表明，竹种是影响大熊猫肠道微生物群和粪便代谢物的重要因素。我们的结果可为竹种引起的大熊猫微生物组和代谢组变化提供重要信息。
