Babakhani Khatereh, Kucinskas Amanda L, Ye Xiangcang, Giles Erin D, Sun Yuxiang
Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Immunometabolism (Cobham). 2025 May 9;7(2):e00061. doi: 10.1097/IN9.0000000000000061. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Aging is associated with immune senescence and gut dysbiosis, both of which are heavily influenced by the diet. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding the impact of diets high in fiber, protein, or fat, as well as different dietary components (tryptophan, omega-3 fatty acids, and galacto-oligosaccharides) on the immune system and the gut microbiome in aging. Additionally, this review discusses how aging alters tryptophan metabolism, contributing to changes in immune function and the gut microbiome. Understanding the relationship between diet, the gut microbiome, and immune function in the context of aging is critical to formulate sound dietary recommendations for older individuals, and these personalized nutritional practices will ultimately improve the health and longevity of the elderly.
衰老与免疫衰老和肠道菌群失调有关，而这两者都受到饮食的严重影响。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于高纤维、高蛋白或高脂肪饮食以及不同饮食成分（色氨酸、ω-3脂肪酸和低聚半乳糖）对衰老过程中免疫系统和肠道微生物群影响的知识。此外，本综述还讨论了衰老如何改变色氨酸代谢，从而导致免疫功能和肠道微生物群的变化。在衰老的背景下理解饮食、肠道微生物群和免疫功能之间的关系，对于为老年人制定合理的饮食建议至关重要，而这些个性化的营养实践最终将改善老年人的健康和寿命。
