Dongdem Anthony Zunuo, Sarfo Bismark, Addo-Lartey Adolphina, Adjei David Nana, Boateng Gifty, Takramah Wisdom, Afetor Maxwel, Ababio Grace, Kye-Duodu Gideon, Offei Benjamin Kwasi, Owusu-Agyei Seth, Anto Francis
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Health Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana.
Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Pan Afr Med J. 2025 Jan 31;50:39. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2025.50.39.45599. eCollection 2025.
the bacteriological quality of drinking water plays a critical role in preventing waterborne diseases. In Ghana, there is water scarcity and many communities depend on contaminated water sources for their domestic use. This study aimed to assess the bacteriological quality of household drinking water in both cholera endemic and non-endemic areas in Greater Accra Region.
a community-based cross-sectional comparative survey in cholera endemic and non-endemic communities was conducted. A total of 480 drinking water samples were collected. The membrane filtration technique was used for the quantification of coliform counts and Vibrio counts. The bacteria were further identified and characterized. The Kruskal Wallis rank test was used to determine any significant variations in the means of the log-transformed bacteria counts among specific factor variables.
drinking water samples were contaminated with coliform counts exceeding the zero colony-forming units per 100 ml standard in most communities across cholera endemic and non-endemic areas. Vibrio counts were detected in all household water stored in vessels. Further characterization identified predominantly Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli. The coliform contamination levels were significantly higher in water stored in vessels compared to water directly obtained from the source. The contamination levels were generally higher during the wet season than the dry season.
the household's stored drinking water and direct water sources were highly contaminated with coliform bacteria, posing a significant risk for the transmission of pathogenic waterborne diseases. Therefore, the need to implement an effective water treatment strategy to improve the quality of drinking water.
饮用水的细菌学质量在预防水传播疾病方面起着关键作用。在加纳，水资源匮乏，许多社区依赖受污染的水源供家庭使用。本研究旨在评估大阿克拉地区霍乱流行区和非流行区家庭饮用水的细菌学质量。
在霍乱流行社区和非流行社区开展了一项基于社区的横断面比较调查。共采集了480份饮用水样本。采用膜过滤技术对大肠菌群数和弧菌数进行定量。对细菌进行进一步鉴定和特征分析。采用Kruskal Wallis秩和检验来确定特定因素变量中对数转换后的细菌计数均值是否存在显著差异。
在霍乱流行区和非流行区的大多数社区，饮用水样本均受到大肠菌群污染，每100毫升的菌落形成单位数超过了零的标准。在所有储存在容器中的家庭用水中均检测到弧菌数。进一步的特征分析确定主要为肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠杆菌。与直接从水源获取的水相比，储存在容器中的水大肠菌群污染水平显著更高。污染水平在雨季通常高于旱季。
家庭储存的饮用水和直接水源受到大肠菌群的高度污染，对致病性水传播疾病的传播构成重大风险。因此，需要实施有效的水处理策略来提高饮用水质量。
