Tamanna Sadia, Kim Dong-Min
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 Apr 25;15:1554360. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1554360. eCollection 2025.
The most prevalent vector-borne diseases in North America and Europe is still Lyme disease, which is caused by the bacterium . As incidence rates rise, this poses a serious threat to public health. Since there is presently no vaccine for Lyme disease that is suitable for human use after the LYMErix vaccine was withdrawn in 2002 due to safety issues and insufficient adoption, there is an urgent need for an effective vaccination to protect at-risk populations. Numerous intriguing vaccine candidates have been developed as a result of advances in molecular biology and immunology; nevertheless, it is still unclear which candidate provides the best balance of durability, safety, and efficacy. The purpose of this meta-analysis and systematic review is to assess the safety and effectiveness of many Lyme disease vaccine candidates that are presently undergoing clinical trials. According to PRISMA guideline, the systematic review was performed, and the meta-analysis was performed using random-effect model. This study evaluates the efficacy of multiple Lyme disease vaccine candidates and identifies recombinant OspA-based formulations as the most promising by combining data from observational studies and randomized controlled trials. With an emphasis on OspA-based and multivalent vaccinations, we present comparative evaluations of immune responses, side effects, and long-term protection across vaccine platforms. This research is to help steer public health policy and vaccine development activities in the direction of a successful Lyme disease vaccine and emphasizes how certain vaccine candidates may lessen the impact of Lyme disease.
北美和欧洲最普遍的媒介传播疾病仍然是莱姆病，它由细菌引起。随着发病率上升，这对公众健康构成严重威胁。自2002年LYMErix疫苗因安全问题和接种率不足而退出后，目前尚无适合人类使用的莱姆病疫苗，因此迫切需要一种有效的疫苗来保护高危人群。由于分子生物学和免疫学的进展，已经开发出许多引人关注的候选疫苗；然而，仍不清楚哪种候选疫苗在持久性、安全性和有效性之间能达到最佳平衡。本荟萃分析和系统评价的目的是评估目前正在进行临床试验的多种莱姆病候选疫苗的安全性和有效性。根据PRISMA指南进行系统评价，并使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析。本研究通过结合观察性研究和随机对照试验的数据，评估了多种莱姆病候选疫苗的疗效，并确定基于重组OspA的制剂最有前景。我们重点关注基于OspA的疫苗和多价疫苗，对不同疫苗平台的免疫反应、副作用和长期保护进行了比较评估。本研究旨在推动公共卫生政策和疫苗研发活动朝着成功研发莱姆病疫苗的方向发展，并强调某些候选疫苗如何减轻莱姆病的影响。
