Liu Lei, Mu Hong-Na, Zhang Ze-Zhi
College of Architecture and Design, Yangtze University College of Arts and Sciences, Jingzhou, China.
College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Apr 25;16:1594905. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1594905. eCollection 2025.
The extracted residue of (a valuable medicinal plant) rhizome is discarded as waste, while it is unclear whether returning this residue to the field would be beneficial for the growth and its active component production of . . This study aimed to investigate the effects of applying . residues (PRs) to the field on plant growth, photosynthetic activities, root indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin riboside (ZR) levels, active component (polydatin, resveratrol, and emodin) contents, and the expression of resveratrol-associated genes ( and ) in . plants. The experiment comprised four treatments, namely, the application of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer at a rate of 50 kg/667 m and the application of PRs at rates of 1500 kg/667 m (PR1500), 2500 kg/667 m (PR2500), and 4000 kg/667 m (PR4000), along with a control (CK) receiving no additional substances. Two years later, the application of both the compound fertilizer and PR treatments led to substantial increases in plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, number of nodes on main stems, and aboveground (leaf, branch, and main stem) and root biomass production, depending on used doses of PRs applied. Among them, the PR2500 treatment exhibited the superior performance. Additionally, these treatments significantly boosted root IAA (11.0-41.7%) and ZR (17.8-46.0%) levels, with the PR2500 treatment demonstrating the highest efficacy. Root IAA and ZR levels were significantly ( < 0.01) positively correlated with root biomass. All treatments, except for PR4000, significantly elevated SPAD values, net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, and intercellular CO concentration in leaves, with PR2500 showing the most pronounced improvements. Fertilization and PR treatments significantly boosted root polydatin (6.6-22.0%), emodin (12.1-43.3%), and resveratrol (17.8-69.3%, except for PR4000) levels, along with a significant up-regulation of expression and a significant down-regulation of expression in roots. In short, organic amendments like PRs, particularly at a rate of 2500 kg/667 m, can be a viable alternative to traditional fertilizers for enhancing the plant growth and its active component levels of . , making them a cornerstone of eco-friendly farming practices and sustainable agriculture.
（一种珍贵药用植物）根茎的提取残渣被当作废物丢弃，然而将这种残渣返还田间是否有利于该植物的生长及其活性成分的生产尚不清楚。本研究旨在探究将该植物残渣（PRs）施用于田间对其植株生长、光合活性、根系吲哚 - 3 - 乙酸（IAA）和玉米素核苷（ZR）水平、活性成分（白藜芦醇苷、白藜芦醇和大黄素）含量以及该植物中白藜芦醇相关基因（和）表达的影响。该实验包括四种处理，即施用50 kg/667 m²的硫酸钾复合肥以及分别以1500 kg/667 m²（PR1500）、2500 kg/667 m²（PR2500）和4000 kg/667 m²（PR4000）的用量施用PRs，还有一个不添加其他物质的对照（CK）。两年后，复合肥和PR处理均使株高、茎粗、叶片数、主茎节数以及地上部分（叶、枝和主茎）和根系生物量显著增加，增加幅度取决于所施用PRs的用量。其中，PR2500处理表现出最优性能。此外，这些处理显著提高了根系IAA（11.0 - 41.7%）和ZR（17.8 - 46.0%）水平，PR2500处理的效果最为显著。根系IAA和ZR水平与根系生物量呈极显著正相关（< 0.01）。除PR4000外，所有处理均显著提高了叶片的SPAD值、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和胞间CO₂浓度，PR2500处理的改善最为明显。施肥和PR处理显著提高了根系中白藜芦醇苷（6.6 - 22.0%）、大黄素（12.1 - 43.3%）和白藜芦醇（除PR4000外为17.8 - 69.3%）的水平，同时根系中表达显著上调，表达显著下调。简而言之，像PRs这样的有机改良剂，特别是以2500 kg/667 m²的用量，可以作为传统肥料的可行替代品，用于提高该植物的生长及其活性成分水平，使其成为生态友好型耕作实践和可持续农业的基石。
