Wood Mary, Shirin Sonia, Goshtasebi Azita, Prior Jerilynn C
University of British Columbia (UBC) Medicine Undergraduate Program (2024), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
UBC Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research (CeMCOR, www.cemcor.ubc.ca ), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
PLoS One. 2025 May 12;20(5):e0321205. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0321205. eCollection 2025.
Breast tenderness and swelling are associated with premenstrual symptoms but are not well described in healthy women. In this 1-year prospective observational study, we examined daily breast tenderness and swelling to determine whether differences existed between normally ovulatory and ovulatory disturbed (short luteal phase and anovulatory) cycles in a cohort of community dwelling, non-smoking, healthy premenopausal women. Enrolment required two consecutive normal-length and normally ovulatory cycles by Quantitative Basal Temperature© analysis. Women (n = 53) ages 20-41 recorded their daily breast experiences in the Menstrual Cycle Diary© across an average of 13.6 cycles. In all 720 cycles, the median breast tenderness was 1.4 (on a 0-4 scale, range 0.0-3.0), in cycles with a mean length of 28.1 days (95% CI 27.5-28.8). Comparison of breast tenderness and breast size (changes from usual) parameters between all normally ovulatory cycles and all ovulatory disturbed cycles in the whole cohort showed significantly higher levels in normally ovulatory (luteal length ≥10 days) in both Breast Tenderness Score [intensity X duration in days; 6.0 (range 1.0-14.0) vs. 3.0 (0.0-11.0) (P=.005)] and breast size [4.0 (2.0-4.0) vs. 4.0 (0.0-4.0) (P=.034]). However, within-woman in the forty-seven women with both normally ovulatory and ovulatory disturbed cycles, breast tenderness (intensity, duration, and Breast Tenderness Score), did not differ between normally ovulatory cycles and cycles with ovulatory disturbances. This study also demonstrated that in all ovulatory cycles, the timing of breast tenderness increased in parallel with breast swelling; the maximum for both was in the late luteal phase.
乳房压痛和肿胀与经前症状相关，但在健康女性中的描述并不充分。在这项为期1年的前瞻性观察研究中，我们对日常乳房压痛和肿胀情况进行了检查，以确定在一组居住于社区、不吸烟的健康绝经前女性中，正常排卵周期和排卵紊乱（黄体期短和无排卵）周期之间是否存在差异。入组要求通过定量基础体温分析有连续两个正常长度且正常排卵的周期。年龄在20 - 41岁的女性（n = 53）在《月经周期日记》中记录她们每日的乳房情况，平均记录了13.6个周期。在所有720个周期中，乳房压痛的中位数为1.4（0 - 4级，范围0.0 - 3.0），平均周期长度为28.1天（95%可信区间27.5 - 28.8）。对整个队列中所有正常排卵周期和所有排卵紊乱周期的乳房压痛和乳房大小（与平常相比的变化）参数进行比较，结果显示在乳房压痛评分[强度×持续天数；6.0（范围1.0 - 14.0）对3.0（0.0 - 11.0）（P = 0.005）]和乳房大小[4.0（2.0 - 4.0）对4.0（0.0 - 4.0）（P = 0.034）]方面，正常排卵（黄体期长度≥10天）时的水平显著更高。然而，在47名同时有正常排卵周期和排卵紊乱周期的女性个体内，正常排卵周期和排卵紊乱周期之间的乳房压痛（强度、持续时间和乳房压痛评分）并无差异。这项研究还表明，在所有排卵周期中，乳房压痛的时间与乳房肿胀同步增加；两者的最大值均出现在黄体晚期。
