Bell Sarah G, Hamm Megan, Wasilewski Julia, Wasilko Rachel, Olejniczak Donna, Subramaniam Geetha A, Liebschutz Jane, Bulls Hailey W
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Qualitative, Evaluation, and Stakeholder Engagement Services (QualEASE), Center for Research on Health Care Data Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
J Pain. 2025 Jul;32:105411. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2025.105411. Epub 2025 May 10.
The aim of this qualitative study was to characterize opioid stigma in cancer remission using the Opioid Stigma Framework as a grounding theoretical framework. We conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with cancer survivors in remission who are currently or were previously prescribed opioids for moderate-to-severe pain related to their cancer diagnosis (n=17) and clinicians who routinely treat chronic cancer-related pain (n=20). Interviews occurred at a single institution from 05/2021-12/2021. The primary focus of this analysis was to describe perceived stigma from a patient perspective, as relayed by either survivors or treating clinicians. Survivors and clinicians perceived externalized stigma in a variety of healthcare settings, sometimes influenced by survivors' sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., race). Survivors and clinicians also reported stigmatizing behaviors from a variety of personal relationships, including family and community members, which then impacted decisions around prescription opioid use. Finally, survivors and clinicians described a pervasive sense of internalized stigma related to prescription opioid use in survivorship, including shame, embarrassment, and fear of addiction. Survivors and clinicians also reflected on known disparities in pain management, which in turn may have influenced experiences with opioid stigma. This research extends the Opioid Stigma Framework's concepts - previously described in patients with active cancer - to opioid stigma in cancer survivors. Given the frequency of opioid prescribing across the cancer continuum, it is crucial to develop targeted and tailored interventions to de-stigmatize clinical care and improve safe, effective chronic cancer pain management. PERSPECTIVE: Cancer survivors endorsed experiences with opioid stigma, including stigmatizing experiences with healthcare systems and personal relationships alongside negative internalized attitudes. Since opioid prescribing is common across the cancer continuum and into survivorship, it is necessary to develop tailored interventions to provide safe, effective, and de-stigmatized care to patients.
这项定性研究的目的是,以阿片类药物污名框架作为基础理论框架,来描述癌症缓解期的阿片类药物污名。我们对癌症缓解期幸存者进行了深入的定性访谈,这些幸存者目前或曾经因癌症诊断相关的中重度疼痛而被开具阿片类药物(n = 17),并对常规治疗慢性癌症相关疼痛的临床医生进行了访谈(n = 20)。访谈于2021年5月至2021年12月在单一机构进行。该分析的主要重点是从患者角度描述所感知到的污名,这些污名由幸存者或治疗临床医生转述。幸存者和临床医生在各种医疗环境中都察觉到了外在污名,有时会受到幸存者社会人口学特征(如种族)的影响。幸存者和临床医生还报告了来自包括家人和社区成员在内的各种人际关系中的污名化行为,这些行为进而影响了围绕处方阿片类药物使用的决策。最后,幸存者和临床医生描述了在癌症幸存者中与处方阿片类药物使用相关的普遍内化污名感,包括羞耻、尴尬和对成瘾的恐惧。幸存者和临床医生还反思了疼痛管理中已知的差异,这反过来可能影响了阿片类药物污名的经历。这项研究将阿片类药物污名框架的概念——此前在患有活动性癌症的患者中有所描述——扩展到了癌症幸存者中的阿片类药物污名。鉴于在癌症连续过程中阿片类药物处方的频率,制定有针对性和量身定制的干预措施以消除临床护理污名并改善安全、有效的慢性癌症疼痛管理至关重要。观点:癌症幸存者认可阿片类药物污名的经历,包括在医疗系统和人际关系中的污名化经历以及负面的内化态度。由于阿片类药物处方在癌症连续过程及幸存者阶段都很常见,有必要制定量身定制的干预措施,为患者提供安全、有效且无污名的护理。