湖州市老年人群轻度认知障碍患病率及其影响因素分析
Analysis of the Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment and its Influencing Factors in the Elderly Population in Huzhou City.
作者信息
He Weiliang, Chen Zheli, Xu Liang, Fang Fei, Zu Xin, Jin Xilong, Chen Jing
机构信息
Department of Elderly Psychiatry, The Third People's Hospital of Huzhou City, 313000 Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Geriatrics, The Third People's Hospital of Huzhou City, 313000 Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
出版信息
Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2025 May;53(3):526-534. doi: 10.62641/aep.v53i3.1722.
BACKGROUND
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a critical stage in the development of Alzheimer's disease, and early intervention in patients during this stage may reverse or delay their disease progression. As one of the regions with severe aging in China, it is necessary to understand the prevalence of MCI in Huzhou and adopt effective intervention measures. The study was aimed to investigate the prevalence rate and influencing factors of MCI in the elderly population in Huzhou city.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 800 elderly residents of Huzhou city. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the activity of daily living (ADL) were used to assess the occurrence of MCI in the elderly. The influencing factors of MCI were investigated by univariate analysis and multi-factor analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 800 questionnaires were sent out in this survey, and 778 were effectively collected, with an effective recovery rate of 97.25%. Among 778 elderly people in Huzhou city, 668 had normal cognitive function, 82 had MCI, and 28 had dementia, the prevalence rate of MCI was 10.54% (82/778). According to the presence or absence of MCI, the patients were divided into an MCI group (n = 82) and a non-MCI group (n = 668). Female (p = 0.026), high age (p = 0.009), low Community Screening Instrument for Dementia (CSI-D) score (p = 0.007), high Dementia Screening Questionnaire (AD8) score (p < 0.001), high Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-9) score (p = 0.037) were all risk factors for MCI in the urban elderly population of Huzhou City.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of MCI in the elderly population in Huzhou City is high, and its occurrence is closely related to many factors. It is necessary to increase attention to the high-risk population of MCI and implement targeted intervention measures to improve their cognitive function and improve the quality of life of the elderly population.
背景
轻度认知障碍（MCI）是阿尔茨海默病发展过程中的一个关键阶段，在此阶段对患者进行早期干预可能会逆转或延缓其疾病进展。作为中国老龄化严重的地区之一，了解湖州市MCI的患病率并采取有效的干预措施很有必要。本研究旨在调查湖州市老年人群中MCI的患病率及其影响因素。
方法
对湖州市800名老年居民进行了一项横断面研究。采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）和日常生活活动能力（ADL）来评估老年人MCI的发生情况。通过单因素分析和多因素分析来研究MCI的影响因素。
结果
本次调查共发放问卷800份，有效回收778份，有效回收率为97.25%。湖州市778名老年人中，认知功能正常者668例，MCI患者82例，痴呆患者28例，MCI患病率为10.54%（82/778）。根据是否患有MCI，将患者分为MCI组（n = 82）和非MCI组（n = 668）。女性（p = 0.026）、高龄（p = 0.009）、社区痴呆筛查量表（CSI-D）评分低（p = 0.007）、痴呆筛查问卷（AD8）评分高（p < 0.001）、患者健康问卷抑郁量表（PHQ-9）评分高（p = 0.037）均为湖州市城区老年人群MCI的危险因素。
结论
湖州市老年人群中MCI的患病率较高，其发生与多种因素密切相关。有必要增加对MCI高危人群的关注，并实施针对性的干预措施，以改善他们的认知功能，提高老年人群的生活质量。
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