Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box:24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait.
Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig city, 44511, Egypt.
BMC Vet Res. 2024 Oct 29;20(1):494. doi: 10.1186/s12917-024-04327-x.
Nutritional interventions with natural antioxidants can provide a pragmatic solution for modifying hens' performance and maintaining oxidative stability of eggs during storage. Quercetin is the most abundant flavonoids with potent antioxidant and immune stimulant activities. The concept of incorporating of quercetin, as potent antioxidant and immunostimulant, into effective nano-carriers (QNPs) has promoted their bioavailability and stability thus, their effectiveness for the first time were assessed on laying hens' performance and immunity, eggs quality during storage. Four hundred 12-weeks-old Hy-line brown laying hens were distributed to four experimental groups: control group fed basal diets, and other 3 groups fed basal diets fortified with 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg QNPs for 60 weeks.
Laying performance and quality of laid eggs were improved as expressed by elevated laying rate, egg mass %, eggs weight and yolk weight in QNPs200 and 300. Fortification of QNPs300 remarkably decreased layers serum total cholesterol concurrently with decreased egg yolk saturated fatty acids and cholesterol while increased polyunsaturated fatty acids. Over- 45 days storage period, QNPs enhanced phospholipids, total phenolics and flavonoids, total antioxidant activity (T-AOC) simultaneous with decreased MDA content in eggs. Furthermore, enhanced immune response was detected in both in serum and intestine of QNPs fed hens as reflected by higher lysozymes activity, IgM, IgG and phagocytic index and demotion of NO together with AvBD 6-12, IL-10, IgM and ATg 5-7-12 upregulation and downregulation of IL-1β and TNF-α especially at QNPs200 and 300. Intestinal redox balance was modified via decreasing HO and MDA simultaneous with upregulation of catalase, SOD, GSH-Px, HO-1 and NQO1 in groups fed higher doses of QNPs.
QNPs supplementation provides a new nutritional strategy towards increasing hen performance, fortification of eggs with natural antioxidants that prevents egg quality deterioration during storage.
营养干预与天然抗氧化剂可为改善母鸡的性能和维持鸡蛋在储存期间的氧化稳定性提供一个实用的解决方案。槲皮素是最丰富的黄酮类化合物，具有强大的抗氧化和免疫刺激活性。将槲皮素作为一种有效的抗氧化剂和免疫刺激剂，结合到有效的纳米载体 (QNPs) 中，提高了其生物利用度和稳定性，从而首次评估了其对产蛋鸡的性能和免疫力、储存期间鸡蛋质量的影响。
将 400 只 12 周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡分配到四个实验组：对照组饲喂基础日粮，其他 3 组饲喂基础日粮，分别添加 100、200 和 300mg/kg QNPs，共 60 周。
QNPs200 和 300 组的产蛋性能和蛋品质得到改善，表现为产蛋率、蛋重%、蛋重和蛋黄重升高。QNPs300 的添加显著降低了鸡血清总胆固醇，同时降低了蛋黄饱和脂肪酸和胆固醇，增加了多不饱和脂肪酸。在超过 45 天的储存期内，QNPs 增强了鸡蛋中的磷脂、总酚类和类黄酮、总抗氧化活性（T-AOC），同时降低了 MDA 含量。此外，QNPs 喂养的鸡血清和肠道中的免疫反应增强，表现为溶菌酶活性、IgM、IgG 和吞噬指数升高，NO 降低，AvBD6-12、IL-10、IgM 和 ATg5-7-12 上调，IL-1β 和 TNF-α 下调，特别是在 QNPs200 和 300 组。QNPs 喂养组通过降低 HO 和 MDA，同时上调过氧化氢酶、SOD、GSH-Px、HO-1 和 NQO1，调节了肠道氧化还原平衡。
QNPs 补充剂为提高母鸡性能、在鸡蛋中强化天然抗氧化剂提供了一种新的营养策略，可防止鸡蛋在储存期间品质下降。
