Heard Zoe F J, Roberts Callum M, Thurstan Ruth H
Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall, TR10 9FE UK.
Rev Fish Biol Fish. 2025;35(2):943-961. doi: 10.1007/s11160-025-09942-x. Epub 2025 Apr 18.
Seafood markets have become increasingly internationalised over the course of the twentieth century, induced by expanding footprints of fishing fleets, improved communication and transport infrastructure, and trade agreements. We compiled archival UK seafood import data from UK Government, SEAFISH and FAO sources to track the expansion of the UK's global reach for seafood products from 1900 to 2020. UK domestic fisheries landings declined from the 1970s following overexploitation and regulatory reforms, leading to a growing dependence on fish catches outside national waters and the international seafood trade-network. The volume of reported seafood imports increased by 6.4-fold from 1900 to 2020, overtaking domestic landings in 1985, with the species composition of these imports reflecting the palette of UK consumers, i.e., for the 'big 5' of cod, haddock, salmon, tuna and prawns, alongside agri/aquaculture industry demands for fishmeals/oils. The number of reported countries from which the UK imported seafood increased from five in 1900 to eighty-nine in 2020, covering all continents. The average distance seafood was imported increased by between 18 and 32%, from 2980 km (1900) to ~ 3520-3940 km (2020) (UK Government and SEAFISH data respectively), demonstrating the increasing geographic spread of UK demand. These results accentuate the need for stringent domestic fisheries management to recover local fish stocks, consumer diversification beyond the 'big 5', and for improved collaborative international fisheries governance to mitigate the potential for serial depletion of popular food fish.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11160-025-09942-x.
在20世纪，随着捕鱼船队足迹的扩大、通信和运输基础设施的改善以及贸易协定的推动，海鲜市场日益国际化。我们从英国政府、英国海产食品行业组织（SEAFISH）和联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）的资料中整理了英国海鲜进口档案数据，以追踪1900年至2020年英国海鲜产品全球采购范围的扩大情况。自20世纪70年代起，由于过度捕捞和监管改革，英国国内渔业上岸量下降，导致对国家水域以外的渔获量以及国际海鲜贸易网络的依赖日益增加。从1900年到2020年，报告的海鲜进口量增长了6.4倍，于1985年超过国内上岸量，这些进口产品的种类构成既反映了英国消费者的喜好，即鳕鱼、黑线鳕、鲑鱼、金枪鱼和虾这“五大类”，也反映了农业/水产养殖业对鱼粉/鱼油的需求。英国报告的海鲜进口来源国数量从1900年的5个增加到2020年的89个，覆盖了各大洲。海鲜进口的平均距离增加了18%至32%，从1900年的2980公里增至2020年的约3520 - 394公里（分别依据英国政府和SEAFISH的数据），表明英国需求的地理分布范围在不断扩大。这些结果凸显了加强国内渔业管理以恢复当地鱼类种群的必要性，消费者应减少对“五大类”的依赖实现多样化，同时需要改善国际渔业协同治理，以减轻受欢迎食用鱼类被连续消耗的可能性。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s11160 - 025 - 09942 - x获取的补充材料。
