Decrinis Claire, Hofmann Konstantin, Bitterlich Norman, Singer Adrian, Tropschuh Katharina, Lozza-Fiaco Serena, Estermann Julia, Bachmann Annette, Stute Petra
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mainz University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.
Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2025 May 13. doi: 10.1007/s00404-025-08049-9.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a metabolic and hormonal disorder that affects physical and emotional well-being. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess associated factors like sleep disturbance, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), anxiety and depression in a German-speaking population with PCOS.
We designed an anonymous online survey with items from validated questionnaires, including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the STOP-Bang questionnaire to screen for OSA. The survey was mainly distributed via social media in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. Data from 587 questionnaires were analyzed.
Based on the STOP Bang questionnaire, 19.5% of women had a high probability for OSA. BMI and insulin resistance were identified as independent associated factors with OSA (both p < 0.001). Overall, the median anxiety score (GAD-7) was in the moderate range (Median 10.0, Interquartile range (IQR) 8.0). According to the HADS, association with moderate to severe anxiety (HADS-A) was 52.0% and with moderate to severe depression (HADS-D) 27.8%. There was a significant positive correlation between HADS-A/ HADS-D and BMI (r = 0.122, (HADS-A)/ r = 0.223 (HADS-D), both p < 0.01). According to the PSQI, 60.5% had mild sleep disturbance and 29.7% had chronic sleep disturbance. Chronic sleep disturbance was associated with anxiety disorders and depression, as well as a high probability of OSA (p < 0.001) after adjustment for age.
Our study highlights the probability of depression, anxiety and sleep disorders, including OSA, in women with PCOS and their association with BMI and insulin resistance.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种影响身心健康的代谢和激素紊乱疾病。这项横断面研究的目的是评估德语区PCOS人群中睡眠障碍、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）、焦虑和抑郁等相关因素。
我们设计了一项匿名在线调查，采用经过验证的问卷中的项目，包括医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）、广泛性焦虑障碍量表（GAD - 7）、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）以及用于筛查OSA的STOP - Bang问卷。该调查主要通过社交媒体在奥地利、德国和瑞士进行分发。对587份问卷的数据进行了分析。
根据STOP Bang问卷，19.5%的女性患OSA的可能性较高。BMI和胰岛素抵抗被确定为与OSA相关的独立因素（均p < 0.001）。总体而言，焦虑评分中位数（GAD - 7）处于中等范围（中位数10.0，四分位间距（IQR）8.0）。根据HADS，中度至重度焦虑（HADS - A）的关联率为52.0%，中度至重度抑郁（HADS - D）的关联率为27.8%。HADS - A/HADS - D与BMI之间存在显著正相关（r = 0.122（HADS - A）/r = 0.223（HADS - D），均p < 0.01）。根据PSQI，60.5%的人有轻度睡眠障碍，29.7%的人有慢性睡眠障碍。在调整年龄后，慢性睡眠障碍与焦虑症、抑郁症以及患OSA的高可能性相关（p < 0.001）。
我们的研究强调了PCOS女性出现抑郁、焦虑和睡眠障碍（包括OSA）的可能性，以及它们与BMI和胰岛素抵抗的关联。
