McLean Marnie K, Petek Bradley J, McGrath Lidija, McGill Emily, Lane Abbi D
Department of Applied Exercise Science, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
JACC Adv. 2025 May 12;4(6 Pt 1):101776. doi: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2025.101776.
The purpose of this narrative review was to summarize perinatal exercise guidelines and associations of perinatal physical activity and/or exercise with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Observational studies, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were included. Gaps in literature and suggestions for future studies were identified. Despite concordant international guidelines, data to support nuanced activity advice for some subgroups are limited. Perinatal physical activity and exercise are consistently recommended to combat traditional CVD risk factors during the perinatal period, like excessive gestational weight gain, high blood pressure, and high blood glucose. Physical activity and exercise appear to improve nontraditional risk factors such as poor sleep and depression. Data are emerging regarding associations with some pregnancy-specific factors, such as placental characteristics. Further research investigating associations with pregnancy-specific CVD risk factors and associations in the longer term, as well as data to support uptake, adherence, and resistance exercise prescription is warranted.
本叙述性综述的目的是总结围产期运动指南以及围产期身体活动和/或运动与心血管疾病（CVD）风险的关联。纳入了观察性研究、随机对照试验、系统评价和荟萃分析。确定了文献中的空白以及对未来研究的建议。尽管有一致的国际指南，但支持针对某些亚组的细致活动建议的数据有限。围产期身体活动和运动一直被推荐用于对抗围产期传统的心血管疾病风险因素，如孕期体重过度增加、高血压和高血糖。身体活动和运动似乎能改善非传统风险因素，如睡眠不佳和抑郁。关于与一些特定于妊娠的因素（如胎盘特征）的关联的数据正在出现。有必要进一步研究与特定于妊娠的心血管疾病风险因素的关联以及长期关联，以及支持采用、坚持和抗阻运动处方的数据。
