Yang Tianfu, Gong Xiaofei, Xu Ao, Wang Boyuan, Huang Zheng, Wang Chuchu, Gao Dawen
Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China.
Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Aug 15;494:138549. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138549. Epub 2025 May 12.
This study developed a novel Biochar/Corncob/PHBV (BCP) composite material, integrating the electron transfer capability of biochar, the cost-effectiveness of corncob, and the sustained carbon release performance of PHBV. The BCP system achieved a maximum nitrate removal efficiency of 97.3 %, significantly outperforming the single PHBV system (91.05 %), while effectively reducing nitrous oxide and other greenhouse gas emissions. It also demonstrated stable carbon release and enhanced electron transfer capabilities, contributing to a more sustainable denitrification process. The physical and chemical characterization of BCP confirmed that its superior performance is attributed to the uniformly distributed functional groups (e.g., CO and -COOH) on the surface and its porous structure, which facilitated electron transfer and microbial adhesion. Metagenomic and microbial analyses further revealed that BCP enriched functional genera such as Cellulomonas and Chryseobacterium and significantly increased the abundance of key functional genes related to nitrate reduction (e.g., NaR and NiR), enhancing organic matter decomposition and microbial nitrogen transformation. Beyond improving nitrate removal efficiency compared to PHBV, the BCP material offers practical engineering value by addressing carbon source limitations in long-term wastewater treatment applications. Its enhanced electron transfer and microbial enrichment suggest strong potential for application in constructed wetlands, biofilters, and other decentralized wastewater treatment systems. The study demonstrates that the BCP composite is not only a viable alternative to traditional PHBV but also a cost-effective and environmentally friendly material with broad applicability in nitrogen pollution control.
本研究开发了一种新型生物炭/玉米芯/聚（3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯）（BCP）复合材料，整合了生物炭的电子转移能力、玉米芯的成本效益以及聚（3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯）的持续碳释放性能。BCP系统实现了97.3%的最大硝酸盐去除效率，显著优于单一聚（3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯）系统（91.05%），同时有效减少了一氧化二氮和其他温室气体排放。它还表现出稳定的碳释放和增强的电子转移能力，有助于实现更可持续的反硝化过程。BCP的物理和化学表征证实，其优异性能归因于表面均匀分布的官能团（如羰基和羧基）及其多孔结构，这促进了电子转移和微生物附着。宏基因组和微生物分析进一步表明，BCP富集了诸如纤维单胞菌属和金黄杆菌属等功能菌属，并显著增加了与硝酸盐还原相关的关键功能基因（如亚硝酸还原酶和硝酸还原酶）的丰度，增强了有机物分解和微生物氮转化。与聚（3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯）相比，BCP材料不仅提高了硝酸盐去除效率，还通过解决长期废水处理应用中的碳源限制提供了实际工程价值。其增强的电子转移和微生物富集表明在人工湿地、生物滤池和其他分散式废水处理系统中有很强的应用潜力。该研究表明，BCP复合材料不仅是传统聚（3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯）的可行替代品，而且是一种具有成本效益且环保的材料，在氮污染控制方面具有广泛的适用性。
