基于可逆加成-断裂链转移（RAFT）的复合材料与传统整体填充复合材料在传统及高辐照度光固化下的性能：一项对比研究。
Performance of RAFT-based and conventional bulk-fill composites cured with conventional and high irradiance photocuring: a comparative study.
作者信息
Arafa Noura, Sherief Dalia I, Elmalawanya Lamia M, Nassif Mohamed S
机构信息
Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, African Union Organization Street, Cairo, Abbasia, 11566, Egypt.
Badya University, Badya City, Giza, Egypt.
出版信息
BMC Oral Health. 2025 May 13;25(1):714. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06046-7.
BACKGROUND
Understanding the impact of advanced photocuring and composite formulations for clinical outcomes and restoration durability. This study evaluated the degree of conversion (DC), polymerization shrinkage strain, and flexural properties (Flexural strength and modulus) of conventional and RAFT-based bulk-fill resin composites cured with conventional and high-irradiance ultra-fast photocuring.
METHODS
A total of 80 specimens of a RAFT-based bulk-fill resin composite (Tetric PowerFill, TP, Ivoclar Vivadent AG Bendererstrasse 2 9494 Schann/Liechtenstein) and a conventional bulk-fill composite (Tetric N-Ceram, TN, Ivoclar Vivadent AG 9494 Schaan/Liechtenstein) were cured using two protocols: high irradiance ultra-fast mode (2700 mW/cm for 3 s) and conventional mode (900 mW/cm for 20 s). The DC was measured using FTIR Spectroscopy(Thermo-Nicolet 67,000, USA), and the polymerization shrinkage strain was quantified with a polyimide-backed electrical resistance strain gauge using a strain meter (PCD-300A Kyowa-Electronic Instruments Co, LTD, Tokyo, Japan). Flexural strength σ (MPa) and modulus E (MPa) were assessed using 3-point loading in a universal testing machine (Instron 3365, Norwood, MA, USA, with a maximum load capacity of 5 kN) immediately after curing and after thermal aging (10,000 cycles). Results were analyzed using multi-factorial ANOVA with a significance level set at (p ≤ 0.05).
RESULTS
The DC for TP showed no significant differences between curing modes, with values of 57.82% in fast mode and 55.3% in conventional mode. Similarly, its mechanical properties remained relatively consistent, with σf measuring 121.66 MPa in fast mode and 137.5 MPa in conventional mode, while the Ef was 6078.50 MPa and 6167.26 MPa, respectively. In contrast, TN exhibited a lower DC in fast curing (50.27%) compared to conventional curing (61.5%). However, its mechanical properties remained nearly unchanged, with σf recorded at 135.34 MPa in fast mode and 137.26 MPa in conventional mode, and Ef at 6356.54 MPa and 6857.2 MPa, respectively. Moreover, TP showed greater resistance to mechanical property degradation after thermal aging compared to TN.
CONCLUSIONS
The RAFT-based bulk-fill composite performed comparably to the conventional composite in both curing modes while demonstrating greater durability. However, fast curing of the conventional bulk-fill composite resulted in unacceptable properties, underscoring the importance of selecting appropriate materials and curing protocols to ensure long-lasting restorations.
背景
了解先进的光固化技术和复合配方对临床疗效及修复体耐久性的影响。本研究评估了采用传统和高辐照超快光固化技术固化的传统型和基于可逆加成-断裂链转移（RAFT）的大块充填树脂复合材料的转化率（DC）、聚合收缩应变及弯曲性能（弯曲强度和模量）。
方法
总共制备了80个样本，其中包括一种基于RAFT的大块充填树脂复合材料（Tetric PowerFill，TP，义获嘉伟瓦登特公司，列支敦士登，沙恩，本德勒大街2号，9494）和一种传统的大块充填复合材料（Tetric N-Ceram，TN，义获嘉伟瓦登特公司，列支敦士登，沙恩，9494），使用两种方案进行固化：高辐照超快模式（2700 mW/cm，持续3秒）和传统模式（900 mW/cm，持续20秒）。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（美国赛默飞世尔尼高力67000）测量DC，使用带有应变仪的聚酰亚胺背衬电阻应变片（日本东京共和电子工业株式会社PCD-300A）对聚合收缩应变进行量化。在万能材料试验机（美国马萨诸塞州诺伍德市英斯特朗3365型，最大载荷能力为5 kN）上，通过三点加载法在固化后及热老化（10000次循环）后评估弯曲强度σ（MPa）和模量E（MPa）。使用多因素方差分析对结果进行分析，显著性水平设定为（p≤0.05）。
结果
TP的DC在两种固化模式之间无显著差异，超快模式下为57.82%，传统模式下为55.3%。同样，其力学性能保持相对一致，超快模式下σf为121.66 MPa，传统模式下为137.5 MPa，而Ef分别为6078.50 MPa和6167.26 MPa。相比之下，TN在快速固化（50.27%）时的DC低于传统固化（61.5%）。然而，其力学性能几乎没有变化，超快模式下记录的σf为135.34 MPa，传统模式下为137.26 MPa，Ef分别为6356.54 MPa和6857.2 MPa。此外热老化后，TP比TN表现出更强的抗力学性能降解能力。
结论
基于RAFT的大块充填复合材料在两种固化模式下的性能与传统复合材料相当，同时具有更高的耐久性。然而，传统大块充填复合材料的快速固化导致性能不佳，这突出了选择合适材料和固化方案以确保持久修复的重要性。
Zotero 插件