Kabut Jacek, Gorzelak-Magiera Anita, Gisterek-Grocholska Iwona
Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-514 Katowice, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 25;26(9):4096. doi: 10.3390/ijms26094096.
The introduction of immunotherapy and target therapy into clinical practice has become a chance for many patients with cancer to prolong their survival while maintaining optimal quality of life. Treatment of lung cancer is excellent evidence of the progress of medical therapies. An understanding of the mechanisms of tumor development has led to the evolution of new methods of treatment. Immunoreceptors of T cells with the immunoglobulin domain ITIM, TIM-3 (T-cell immunoglobulin- and mucin domain-3-containing molecule 3), and LAG-3 (lymphocyte activation gene-3) represent new interesting therapeutic targets. The combination of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 blockade has proven the possibility of strengthening the anti-tumor response by acting via two separate mechanisms. Adding additional checkpoints to the PD-1 blockade offers hope for further improvements in the effects of the treatment of patients and expanding the group responding to immunotherapy. This paper presents new promising molecular targets along with studies demonstrating the treatment results using them.
免疫疗法和靶向疗法引入临床实践，为许多癌症患者延长生存期并维持最佳生活质量带来了契机。肺癌治疗是医学疗法进步的有力例证。对肿瘤发生机制的认识推动了新治疗方法的发展。带有免疫球蛋白结构域ITIM的T细胞免疫受体、TIM-3（含T细胞免疫球蛋白和粘蛋白结构域3的分子3）以及LAG-3（淋巴细胞激活基因-3）成为了新的有趣治疗靶点。抗PD-1和抗CTLA-4阻断剂联合使用已证明，通过两种独立机制发挥作用可增强抗肿瘤反应。在PD-1阻断基础上增加其他检查点，有望进一步提高患者治疗效果，并扩大对免疫疗法有反应的群体。本文介绍了新的有前景的分子靶点以及展示使用这些靶点治疗结果的研究。
