Goff Adam David, Zhang Xinyue, Thomas Biju, Ong Sally Shin Yee, Atala Anthony, Zhang Yuanyuan
Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA.
School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 May 5;26(9):4382. doi: 10.3390/ijms26094382.
Stem cell therapy offers significant promise for tissue regeneration and repair. Traditionally, bone marrow- and adipose-derived stem cells have served as primary sources, but their clinical use is limited by invasiveness and low cell yield. This review focuses on body fluid-derived stem cells as an emerging, non-invasive, and readily accessible alternative. We examine stem cells isolated from amniotic fluid, peripheral blood, cord blood, menstrual fluid, urine, synovial fluid, breast milk, and cerebrospinal fluid, highlighting their unique biological properties and therapeutic potential. By comparing their characteristics and barriers to clinical translation, we propose body fluid-derived stem cells as a promising source for regenerative applications, with continued research needed to fully achieve their clinical utility.
干细胞疗法为组织再生和修复带来了巨大希望。传统上，骨髓和脂肪来源的干细胞一直是主要来源，但它们的临床应用受到侵入性和细胞产量低的限制。本综述重点关注体液来源的干细胞，这是一种新兴的、非侵入性且易于获取的替代来源。我们研究了从羊水、外周血、脐带血、月经血、尿液、滑液、母乳和脑脊液中分离出的干细胞，突出了它们独特的生物学特性和治疗潜力。通过比较它们的特征以及临床转化的障碍，我们提出体液来源的干细胞是再生应用的一个有前景的来源，需要持续研究以充分实现其临床效用。
