Golubović Zorana, Tanasković Jovan, Milovanović Aleksa, Bojović Božica
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia.
Innovation Center of Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Apr 26;17(9):1180. doi: 10.3390/polym17091180.
Additive manufacturing (AM), especially vat photopolymerization processes such as digital light processing (DLP), enables the production of highly detailed and complex geometries with precise material structure control. In this study, the influence of internal structure on the mechanical properties of PLA resin specimens produced using a DLP 3D printer is investigated. Two designs were analyzed: a fully solid structure and a shell with a Voronoi pattern. Tensile and bending tests revealed that solid specimens exhibited higher strength, while Voronoi structures performed better under bending loading despite lower load-bearing capacity due to their porosity ratio. The developed numerical model, analyzed through different numerical simulations using the Ansys 2025R01 Software package and validated by experimental results, showed a strong correlation between experimental and numerical results that confirmed the reliability of the developed models for preliminary design verification. These models hold significant potential for the design of mechanical and biomedical components, including orthopedic immobilization devices. Microscopic analysis revealed brittle fracture in solid specimens with striations and bubble-shaped irregularities, while Voronoi specimens exhibited fragmented surfaces with clean, brittle failure along structural voids. Based on the results obtained, this research demonstrates how additive manufacturing enables the optimization of mechanical properties and material efficiency through precise control of internal structures. In the future, validated numerical models can be used to check the preliminary designs of different components, which will significantly reduce development costs.
增材制造（AM），尤其是诸如数字光处理（DLP）之类的光聚合工艺，能够生产具有精确材料结构控制的高度精细和复杂的几何形状。在本研究中，研究了内部结构对使用DLP 3D打印机生产的聚乳酸（PLA）树脂试样力学性能的影响。分析了两种设计：全实心结构和带有Voronoi图案的壳结构。拉伸和弯曲试验表明，实心试样表现出更高的强度，而Voronoi结构尽管由于孔隙率导致承载能力较低，但在弯曲载荷下表现更好。通过使用Ansys 2025R01软件包进行不同的数值模拟分析并经实验结果验证的所开发数值模型，显示出实验结果与数值结果之间有很强的相关性，证实了所开发模型用于初步设计验证的可靠性。这些模型在机械和生物医学部件设计方面具有巨大潜力，包括矫形固定装置。微观分析显示，实心试样出现带有条纹和气泡状不规则物的脆性断裂，而Voronoi试样则呈现出沿结构空隙具有干净、脆性破坏的破碎表面。基于所获得的结果，本研究证明了增材制造如何通过对内部结构的精确控制实现力学性能和材料效率的优化。未来，经过验证的数值模型可用于检查不同部件的初步设计，这将显著降低开发成本。
