Młynarczyk Magdalena, Orysiak Joanna, Jankowski Jarosław
The Department of Ergonomics, Central Institute for Labour Protection-National Research Institute, Czerniakowska St. 16, 00-701 Warsaw, Poland.
The Department of Physical Hazards, Central Institute for Labour Protection-National Research Institute, Czerniakowska St. 16, 00-701 Warsaw, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2025 May 3;18(9):2098. doi: 10.3390/ma18092098.
Thermal insulation is a basic property for describing a set of clothing and consists of the thermal resistance of the individual layers of clothing (which depends on the material used and its structure) and also takes into account the air gaps between the layers. Here, the total thermal insulation was measured in a climatic chamber with a thermal manikin. The air gaps were measured using a 3D scanning technique and calculated using the Blender 3D graphics program. Our study shows the effect of size (fit) on the size of the air gaps, as well as the influence of the air gap size on the thermal insulation value (both for static and dynamic conditions with 45 double steps and 45 double arm movements per minute) for workwear. The relationship of the total thermal insulation value on the volume and size of the air gap was described as a second-order polynomial (R2 > 0.8). It was observed that for workwear, thermal insulation did not increase when the air gaps exceeded approximately 30 mm or when the air gap volume reached 50-55 dm. The highest total thermal insulation (~0.23 m°C/W) was achieved when the garment closely fitted the wearer's body (or in this case, the thermal manikin) without excessive tightness.
隔热是描述一组衣物的基本属性，它由衣物各层的热阻（这取决于所使用的材料及其结构）组成，并且还考虑了各层之间的气隙。在此，总隔热是在配备有热人体模型的气候舱中测量的。气隙是使用3D扫描技术测量的，并使用Blender 3D图形程序进行计算。我们的研究显示了尺寸（合身度）对气隙大小的影响，以及气隙大小对工作服隔热值的影响（包括每分钟45次双步和45次双臂运动的静态和动态条件）。总隔热值与气隙体积和大小之间的关系被描述为二阶多项式（R2>0.8）。据观察，对于工作服而言，当气隙超过约30毫米或气隙体积达到50 - 55立方分米时，隔热不会增加。当服装紧密贴合穿着者身体（或在此情况下，热人体模型）且不过于紧身时，可实现最高的总隔热（约0.23米·摄氏度/瓦）。
