Mert Emel, Böhnisch Sonja, Psikuta Agnes, Bueno Marie-Ange, Rossi René M
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique Textiles, Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs Sud Alsace, University Heute Alsace, Mulhouse, France.
Int J Biometeorol. 2016 Dec;60(12):1995-2004. doi: 10.1007/s00484-016-1258-0. Epub 2016 Oct 18.
The heat and mass transfer between the human body and the environment is not only affected by the properties of the fabric, but also by the size of the air gap thickness and the magnitude of the contact area between the body and garment. In this clothing-human-environment system, there is also an interaction between the clothing and the physiological response of the wearer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of the air gap thickness and the contact area for the male lower body in relation to the garment fit and style using a three-dimensional (3D) body scanning method with a manikin. Moreover, their relation with the physiological response of the lower body was analysed using the physiological modelling. The presented study showed that the change in the air gap thickness and the contact area due to garment fit was greater for legs than the pelvis area due to regional differences of the body. Furthermore, the garment style did not have any effect on the core temperature or total water loss of the lower body, whereas the effect of garment fit on the core temperature and total water loss of lower body was observed only for 40 °C of ambient temperature. The skin temperatures were higher for especially loose garments at thigh than the tight garments. Consequently, the results of this study indicated that the comfort level of the human body for a given purpose can be adjusted by selection of fabric type and the design of ease allowances in the garment depending on the body region.
人体与环境之间的热质传递不仅受织物性能的影响，还受气隙厚度大小以及人体与服装之间接触面积大小的影响。在这个服装 - 人体 - 环境系统中，服装与穿着者的生理反应之间也存在相互作用。因此，本研究的目的是使用带有人体模型的三维（3D）人体扫描方法，评估男性下半身气隙厚度和接触面积相对于服装合身度和款式的分布情况。此外，还使用生理建模分析了它们与下半身生理反应的关系。本研究表明，由于身体的区域差异，腿部因服装合身度导致的气隙厚度和接触面积变化比骨盆区域更大。此外，服装款式对下半身的核心温度或总失水量没有任何影响，而仅在环境温度为40°C时观察到服装合身度对下半身核心温度和总失水量的影响。大腿处特别宽松的服装的皮肤温度高于紧身服装。因此，本研究结果表明，对于特定目的，人体的舒适度可以通过选择织物类型以及根据身体部位在服装中设计宽松量来进行调整。
