Wu Sheng-Nan, Wang Ya-Jean, Gao Zi-Han, Liutkevičienė Rasa, Rovite Vita
Department of Research and Education, An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, No. 66, Section 2, Changhe Road, An Nan District, Tainan 70965, Taiwan.
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 701401, Taiwan.
J Clin Med. 2025 Apr 30;14(9):3117. doi: 10.3390/jcm14093117.
Pituitary cells are specialized cells located within the pituitary gland, a small, pea-sized gland situated at the base of the brain. Through the use of cellular electrophysiological techniques, the electrical properties of these cells have been revealed. This review paper aims to introduce the ion currents that are known to be functionally expressed in pituitary cells. These currents include a voltage-gated Na current (), erg-mediated K current (), M-type K current (), hyperpolarization-activated cation current (), and large-conductance Ca-activated K (BK) channel. The biophysical characteristics of the respective ion current were described. Additionally, we also provide explanations for the effect of various drugs or compounds on each of these currents. GH-cell exposure to GV-58 can increase the magnitude of with a concurrent rise in the inactivation time constant of the current. The presence of esaxerenone, an antagonist of the aldosterone receptor, directly suppresses the magnitude of peak and late . Risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic agent, is effective at suppressing the amplitude directly, and di(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate suppressed . Solifenacin and kynurenic acid can interact with the K channel to stimulate , while carisbamate and cannabidiol inhibit the amplitude activated by sustained hyperpolarization. Moreover, the presence of either rufinamide or QO-40 can enhance the activity of single BK channels. To summarize, alterations in ion currents within native pituitary cells or pituitary tumor cells can influence their functional activity, particularly in processes like stimulus-secretion coupling. The effects of small-molecule modulators, as demonstrated here, bear significance in clinical, therapeutic, and toxicological contexts.
垂体细胞是位于垂体腺内的特化细胞，垂体腺是一个豌豆大小的小腺体，位于脑底部。通过使用细胞电生理技术，这些细胞的电特性已被揭示。这篇综述文章旨在介绍已知在垂体细胞中功能性表达的离子电流。这些电流包括电压门控钠电流（）、erg介导的钾电流（）、M型钾电流（）、超极化激活阳离子电流（）和大电导钙激活钾（BK）通道。描述了各个离子电流的生物物理特性。此外，我们还对各种药物或化合物对这些电流中每一种的影响进行了解释。生长激素细胞暴露于GV-58可增加的幅度，同时电流的失活时间常数也会增加。醛固酮受体拮抗剂依普利酮的存在直接抑制峰值和晚期的幅度。非典型抗精神病药物利培酮可直接有效抑制的幅度，邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯可抑制。索利那新和犬尿烯酸可与钾通道相互作用以刺激，而卡立普多和大麻二酚可抑制持续超极化激活的幅度。此外，鲁非酰胺或QO-40的存在均可增强单个BK通道的活性。总之，天然垂体细胞或垂体肿瘤细胞内离子电流的改变可影响其功能活性，尤其是在刺激-分泌偶联等过程中。如本文所示，小分子调节剂的作用在临床、治疗和毒理学背景下具有重要意义。
