Coker Melynda S, Ravelli Michelle N, Shriver Timothy C, Schoeller Dale A, Slivka Dustin R, Ruby Brent C, Coker Robert H
Montana Center for Work Physiology and Exercise Metabolism, School of Integrative Physiology and Athletic Training, College of Health, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States.
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry Core Laboratory, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States.
Front Physiol. 2025 Apr 29;16:1543834. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1543834. eCollection 2025.
The Alaska Mountain Wilderness Ski Classic (AMWSC) is a self-supported and self-oriented winter expedition that occurs in the remote North American Brooks Range, ∼200 km north of the Arctic Circle. Few investigations have evaluated sex-specific physiological responses under extreme cold and isolated circumstances. Our study examined sex-specific differences in total energy expenditure (TEE), water turnover (WT), and changes in body composition during the expedition.
Twenty adult participants (8 females, age: 41 ± 6 years, body mass index: 22.8 ± 1.9 kg/m and 12 males, age: 38 ± 4 years, body mass index: 22.7 ± 1.6 kg/m) enrolled in and completed the study. TEE and WT were examined during the expedition using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. Body composition was measured using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance.
The duration of the expedition was similar in females (8.1 ± 1.6 days) and males (7.5 ± 0.9 days). Absolute rates of TEE were lower in females (20.8 ± 4.7 MJ/day) compared to males (31.1 ± 7.5 MJ/day). However, when expressed relative to fat free mass (FFM), rates of TEE were similar in females (0.42 ± 0.07 MJ/FFM/day) and males (0.45 ± 0.10 MJ/FFM/day). TEE/body mass plus pack weight (i.e., total load carriage) was lower in females compared to males. WT was reduced compared to previous reports of athletes exercising in thermoneutral and hot environments.
Absolute rates of TEE were lower in females compared to males, but there was no difference when TEE was expressed relative to fat free mass. Estimates of TEE/total load carriage were lower in females than males, modestly suggesting greater functional efficiency in females during this expedition. Compared to other ultra-endurance events in warm environments, WT may have been reduced by lack of water availability, self-selected reductions in exercise intensity, and limited sweat loss.
阿拉斯加山脉荒野滑雪经典赛（AMWSC）是一项自给自足、以自我为导向的冬季探险活动，在北极圈以北约200公里处偏远的北美布鲁克斯山脉举行。很少有研究评估在极端寒冷和孤立环境下特定性别的生理反应。我们的研究考察了探险期间总能量消耗（TEE）、水转换率（WT）以及身体成分变化方面的性别差异。
20名成年参与者（8名女性，年龄：41±6岁，体重指数：22.8±1.9kg/m²；12名男性，年龄：38±4岁，体重指数：22.7±1.6kg/m²）参与并完成了该研究。在探险期间使用双标水（DLW）法检测TEE和WT。使用多频生物电阻抗测量身体成分。
女性（8.1±1.6天）和男性（7.5±0.9天）的探险持续时间相似。女性的TEE绝对速率（20.8±4.7兆焦/天）低于男性（31.1±7.5兆焦/天）。然而，当相对于去脂体重（FFM）表示时，女性（0.42±0.07兆焦/FFM/天）和男性（0.45±0.10兆焦/FFM/天）的TEE速率相似。女性的TEE/体重加背包重量（即总负重）低于男性。与先前关于在热中性和炎热环境中锻炼的运动员的报告相比，WT有所降低。
女性的TEE绝对速率低于男性，但当TEE相对于去脂体重表示时没有差异。女性的TEE/总负重估计值低于男性，这适度表明在这次探险中女性具有更高的功能效率。与温暖环境中的其他超耐力赛事相比，WT可能因缺水、自我选择降低运动强度和有限的出汗量而降低。
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