Reid Hamish A B, Dennison Nicholas C, Quayle Jonathan, Preston Tom
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017 Sep;12(8):1012-1016. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0349. Epub 2016 Dec 14.
Meeting the energy demands of prolonged arduous expeditions and endurance sport may be a significant barrier to success. Expedition rowing is associated with high levels of body-mass loss, reflecting the challenge of meeting energy expenditure in this exacting environment.
To use the doubly labeled water (DLW) technique to calculate the total energy expenditure (TEE) and body-composition changes of two 28-y-old healthy male athletes during a 50-d continuous and unsupported row around Great Britain.
A measured dose of DLW was taken at the start of 2 separate study periods (days 5-19 and 34-48) followed by sequential urine collection, which was analyzed on return to land.
Mean TEE was 15.3 MJ/d: athlete 1, 16.4 MJ/d; athlete 2, 14.9 MJ/d. Athlete 1 lost 11.2 kg and athlete 2 lost 14.9 kg of body mass during the row. Average energy provision was 19.1 MJ per 24-h ration pack.
These results highlight the difficulty of maintaining energy balance during expedition rowing. A starvation state was observed despite dietary provision in excess of estimated energy expenditure, indicating that nutritional strategy rather than caloric availability was at fault. The authors recommend that future expeditions prioritize thorough testing and the individualization of rations to ensure that they are both palatable and practical during the weeks to months at sea.
满足长时间艰苦探险和耐力运动的能量需求可能是成功的一个重大障碍。划船远征与高水平的体重减轻相关,这反映了在这种严苛环境中满足能量消耗的挑战。
使用双标水(DLW)技术计算两名28岁健康男性运动员在环绕大不列颠进行的为期50天不间断且无补给的划船过程中的总能量消耗(TEE)和身体成分变化。
在2个单独的研究阶段(第5 - 19天和第34 - 48天)开始时服用测量剂量的DLW,随后连续收集尿液,返回陆地后进行分析。
平均TEE为15.3兆焦/天:运动员1为16.4兆焦/天;运动员2为14.9兆焦/天。划船期间,运动员1体重减轻了11.2千克,运动员2体重减轻了14.9千克。每24小时定量口粮包的平均能量供应为19.1兆焦。
这些结果凸显了划船远征期间维持能量平衡的困难。尽管提供的饮食超过了估计的能量消耗,但仍观察到饥饿状态,这表明问题在于营养策略而非热量供应。作者建议未来的远征优先进行全面测试并使口粮个性化,以确保在海上数周乃至数月期间既可口又实用。