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“系统将其掩盖起来”:教育工作者对自闭症青少年恋爱关系的看法

"The System Sweeps it Under the Rug": Educational Staff's Perspectives on Romantic Relationships Among Autistic Adolescents.

作者信息

Shpigelman Carmit-Noa, Hassan Gal Hodara

机构信息

Department of Community Mental Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, 199 Aba-Khoushy Ave, Mount Carmel, POB 3338, 3103301, Haifa, Israel.

出版信息

J Autism Dev Disord. 2025 May 14. doi: 10.1007/s10803-025-06872-2.

Abstract

Article 23 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) calls to recognize the right of people with disabilities to have romantic relationships, marry and raise children. However, to date, research has mainly focused on this issue in relation to people with physical or intellectual disabilities. Less is known about romantic relationships among autistic adolescents and how others in their immediate environment, such as educational staff, perceive and refer to this issue. To address this gap, the present study aimed to understand and describe the perspectives of educational staff on the romantic relationships of autistic adolescents, including their views regarding the right and capability of adolescents to form and maintain such relationships, and the education system's role in providing relevant knowledge and skills. A descriptive phenomenological qualitative approach was applied. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 20 educational staff members from special education schools in Israel. Four main themes emerged from the thematic analysis of the interviews: (1) Stigmatic attitudes regarding the ability of autistic adolescents to develop romantic relationships; (2) Preventive sexual education as a priority; (3) Behavioral implications of educational neglect; and (4) Recommended practices. The findings highlight the need for macro- and micro-level change by developing an adapted curriculum that views romantic relationships as positive and constructive and eliminating stigmatic perceptions among educational staff. Another recommendation is to provide educational staff with emotional and practical preparation for addressing the issue of romantic relationships in class.

摘要

《残疾人权利公约》第23条呼吁承认残疾人拥有恋爱关系、结婚和生育子女的权利。然而,迄今为止,研究主要集中在身体或智力残疾人士的这一问题上。对于自闭症青少年的恋爱关系以及他们周围的其他人,如教育工作者,如何看待和提及这个问题,我们了解得较少。为了填补这一空白,本研究旨在了解和描述教育工作者对自闭症青少年恋爱关系的看法,包括他们对青少年形成和维持这种关系的权利和能力的看法,以及教育系统在提供相关知识和技能方面的作用。本研究采用了描述性现象学定性研究方法。对以色列特殊教育学校的20名教育工作者进行了面对面访谈。访谈的主题分析得出了四个主要主题:(1) 对自闭症青少年发展恋爱关系能力的污名化态度;(2) 将预防性性教育作为优先事项;(3) 教育忽视的行为影响;(4) 推荐的做法。研究结果强调,需要通过制定一种适应性课程,将恋爱关系视为积极和建设性的,并消除教育工作者中的污名化观念,在宏观和微观层面上进行变革。另一个建议是为教育工作者提供情感和实践准备,以便在课堂上处理恋爱关系问题。

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