von Knorring A L, Bohman M, von Knorring L, Oreland L
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1985 Jul;72(1):51-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1985.tb02570.x.
In the Stockholm Adoption Study, two types of alcoholism, "Type I" and "Type II", have been identified on the basis of genetic predisposition. In the present study, this classification has been applied to a clinical sample. The two types of alcoholism were clinically clearly identifiable. Type I alcoholism was characterized by late onset and few social complications. Type II alcoholism was characterized by early onset, use and abuse not only of alcohol, but also of glue, cannabis, amphetamine and opioids, together with several social complications. The subjects with Type II alcoholism had also more alcoholism and depression among their first-degree relatives than the subjects with Type I alcoholism. Furthermore, the two types of alcoholism were separable by means of the biological marker - platelet MAO activity. While platelet MAO activity was normal in Type I alcoholics, as compared with healthy controls, it was clearly low in the Type II alcoholics. This subclassification of alcoholism seems to be of value in future studies concerning the etiology, epidemiology and treatment of alcoholism.
在斯德哥尔摩收养研究中，根据遗传易感性确定了两种类型的酗酒，即“Ⅰ型”和“Ⅱ型”。在本研究中，这种分类已应用于一个临床样本。这两种类型的酗酒在临床上清晰可辨。Ⅰ型酗酒的特点是发病较晚且社会并发症较少。Ⅱ型酗酒的特点是发病早，不仅酗酒，还使用和滥用胶水、大麻、安非他命和阿片类药物，同时伴有多种社会并发症。与Ⅰ型酗酒者相比，Ⅱ型酗酒者的一级亲属中酗酒和抑郁症患者也更多。此外，通过生物标志物——血小板单胺氧化酶（MAO）活性可以区分这两种类型的酗酒。与健康对照组相比，Ⅰ型酗酒者的血小板MAO活性正常，而Ⅱ型酗酒者的该活性明显较低。这种酗酒的亚分类在未来关于酗酒的病因、流行病学和治疗的研究中似乎具有价值。
