Gazel Esteban, Dayton Kyle, Liang Wenwei, Hua Junlin, Lynn Kendra J, Hammer Julia E
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, 2160 Snee Hall, 112 Hollister Drive, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
Laboratory of Seismology and Physics of Earth's Interior, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 China.
Sci Adv. 2025 May 16;11(20):eadu9332. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adu9332. Epub 2025 May 14.
As the Pacific Plate migrates over the mantle plume below Hawai'i, magma flux decreases, resulting in changes in eruptive volume, style, and composition. It is thought that melt storage becomes deeper and ephemeral with the transition from highly voluminous tholeiitic (shield stage) to the less voluminous alkaline (post-shield and rejuvenation stages) magmatism. To quantitatively test this, we applied high-precision fluid inclusion barometry via Raman spectroscopy to samples from representative volcanoes of different evolutionary stages. This suggests an evolution from shield-stage shallow magma storage (1 to 2 kilometers) for Kīlauea to a post-shield stage that includes crustal magma storage within the volcanic edifice (2 kilometers) and deeper storage below the Moho (20 to 27 kilometers) for Haleakalā. The rejuvenation stage (Diamond Head) displays mantle-dominated storage (22 to 30 kilometers). High melt fluxes likely form stable conduits from the mantle to a shallow reservoir in the shield volcanoes. As melt flux decreases, the Moho becomes the boundary controlling melt stagnation and evolution.
随着太平洋板块在夏威夷下方的地幔柱上移动，岩浆通量减少，导致喷发量、喷发方式和成分发生变化。人们认为，随着岩浆作用从高喷发量的拉斑玄武质（盾状阶段）转变为低喷发量的碱性（盾后阶段和复活阶段），熔体储存变得更深且更短暂。为了对此进行定量测试，我们通过拉曼光谱对来自不同演化阶段代表性火山的样本应用了高精度流体包裹体压力测量法。这表明，基拉韦厄火山从盾状阶段的浅部岩浆储存（约1至2千米）演变为盾后阶段，其中包括火山构造内的地壳岩浆储存（约2千米）以及哈雷阿卡拉火山莫霍面以下的深部储存（约20至27千米）。复活阶段（钻石头山）显示出以地幔为主的储存（约22至30千米）。高熔体通量可能形成从地幔到盾状火山浅部储层的稳定通道。随着熔体通量减少，莫霍面成为控制熔体停滞和演化的边界。
