Dytłow Sylwia, Kida Małgorzata, Ziembowicz Sabina
Institute of Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Księcia Janusza 64, Warsaw 01-452, Poland.
Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Rzeszow University of Technology, Ave Powstańców Warszawy 6, Rzeszów 35-959, Poland.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Aug 15;494:138493. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138493. Epub 2025 May 5.
The main objective was to assess the contamination of road dust (RD) with microplastics (MPs) and plasticizers and to investigate whether magnetic susceptibility (χ) can indicate MP pollution. The study employed laser direct infrared (LDIR) imaging with a quantum cascade laser (QCL), magnetic susceptibility measurement using the MFK1-FA Kappabridge, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RD collected in Warsaw was divided into the fractions: 0.8 mm (1-0.8 mm), 0.6 mm (0.8-0.6 mm), 0.4 mm (0.6-0.4 mm), 0.2 mm (0.4-0.2 mm), and <0.2 mm. MP analysis revealed materials such as polypropylene and rubber, with the highest number of MPs (51,660 particles) in the <0.2 mm. RD was analyzed for bisphenol A and phthalic acid esters, with the highest concentrations of DEHP and DBP in the <0.2 mm fraction. χ were highest in the fraction <0.2. Strong correlations were found between χ and DEHP (0.78), DBP (0.96), and BPA (0.89) for WAW2 and between χ and MPs (0.97) for WAW4. Strong correlations were also observed for the 0.2 mm and <0.2 mm fractions between χ and DBP. The main conclusion is that χ strongly correlates with DEHP and DBP in the <0.2 mm fraction and with MPs in the 0.2 mm fraction. This study is novel due to the limited research on using χ as a screening method for MP pollution, making it a promising, cost-effective tool for pollution monitoring. The results could support the development of simplified monitoring tools, helping to assess human exposure risks and improve environmental management strategies.
主要目标是评估道路灰尘（RD）中微塑料（MPs）和增塑剂的污染情况，并研究磁化率（χ）是否能够指示MP污染。该研究采用了配备量子级联激光器（QCL）的激光直接红外（LDIR）成像技术、使用MFK1-FA卡帕桥进行的磁化率测量以及气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）。在华沙收集的道路灰尘被分为以下粒径部分：0.8毫米（1 - 0.8毫米）、0.6毫米（0.8 - 0.6毫米）、0.4毫米（0.6 - 0.4毫米）、0.2毫米（0.4 - 0.2毫米）以及小于0.2毫米。MP分析揭示了诸如聚丙烯和橡胶等材料，其中小于0.2毫米粒径部分的MP数量最多（51,660颗粒）。对道路灰尘进行了双酚A和邻苯二甲酸酯的分析，小于0.2毫米粒径部分的DEHP和DBP浓度最高。χ在小于0.2毫米粒径部分最高。在WAW2中，发现χ与DEHP（0.78）、DBP（0.96）和BPA（0.89）之间存在强相关性，在WAW4中，χ与MPs（0.97）之间存在强相关性。在0.2毫米和小于0.2毫米粒径部分，χ与DBP之间也观察到了强相关性。主要结论是，χ在小于0.2毫米粒径部分与DEHP和DBP以及在0.2毫米粒径部分与MPs都存在强相关性。由于将χ用作MP污染筛查方法的研究有限，本研究具有新颖性，使其成为一种有前景的、具有成本效益的污染监测工具。研究结果可为简化监测工具的开发提供支持，有助于评估人类暴露风险并改进环境管理策略。
