Ciceri Ana Carolina Marques, de Oliveira Laura Eduarda, Richter Ana Luísa, de Carvalho José Antonio Mainardi, Lucena Maylla Rodrigues, Gomes Guilherme Wataru, Figueiredo Maria Stella, Nunes Dos Santos Magnun Nueldo, Blaia-D'Avila Vera Lúcia Nascimento, Cançado Rodolfo Delfini, Guerra-Shinohara Elvira Maria, Paniz Clóvis
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Laboratório de Pesquisas em Análises Clínicas Aplicadas - LAPACA, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Universidade Ceuma - Campus Imperatriz, Imperatriz, MA, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Disciplina de Hematologia e Hemoterapia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Hematol Transfus Cell Ther. 2025 May 12;47(3):103845. doi: 10.1016/j.htct.2025.103845.
β-Thalassemia is defined by a reduced or complete absence of β-globin chain synthesis in hemoglobin, leading to hemolytic anemia. Heterozygous β-thalassemia, also known as β-thalassemia trait (hBTh), the mildest form of this anemia, typically does not cause symptoms in carriers. However, it may lead to changes in the immune system, including an increase in total leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts.
This study aimed to evaluate various immune and inflammation markers, including neutrophil/lymphocyte, derived neutrophil/lymphocyte, lymphocyte/monocyte, platelet/lymphocyte, neutrophil/platelet ratios, systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammation response index, neutrophil/natural killer cell ratio (NNKR), and inflammatory cytokines in β-thalassemia trait carriers.
A retrospective observational study was conducted, including 50 β-thalassemia trait individuals and 100 healthy controls.
Leukocyte, neutrophil and reticulocyte counts, and interleukin 6 levels were higher in carriers compared to controls. Notably, the β-thalassemia trait group had increased neutrophil/platelet, neutrophil/lymphocyte and derived neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios, and the systemic immune-inflammation and systemic inflammation response indexes were higher compared to the controls.
β-thalassemia trait shows a more pronounced inflammatory profile as indicated by hematological ratios. These ratios, therefore are potentially cost-effective and easily applicable markers for monitoring patients with the β-thalassemia trait.
β地中海贫血的定义是血红蛋白中β珠蛋白链合成减少或完全缺失，导致溶血性贫血。杂合子β地中海贫血，也称为β地中海贫血特征（hBTh），是这种贫血最轻微的形式，通常不会在携带者中引起症状。然而，它可能导致免疫系统的变化，包括总白细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞计数增加。
本研究旨在评估β地中海贫血特征携带者的各种免疫和炎症标志物，包括中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞、衍生中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞、淋巴细胞/单核细胞、血小板/淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞/血小板比值、全身免疫炎症指数、全身炎症反应指数、中性粒细胞/自然杀伤细胞比值（NNKR）和炎性细胞因子。
进行了一项回顾性观察研究，包括50名β地中海贫血特征个体和100名健康对照。
与对照组相比，携带者的白细胞、中性粒细胞和网织红细胞计数以及白细胞介素6水平更高。值得注意的是，β地中海贫血特征组的中性粒细胞/血小板、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞和衍生中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值增加，全身免疫炎症和全身炎症反应指数高于对照组。
血液学比值表明，β地中海贫血特征表现出更明显的炎症特征。因此，这些比值可能是监测β地中海贫血特征患者的具有成本效益且易于应用的标志物。
