Martinez G A, Ryan A S, Malec D J
Am J Dis Child. 1985 Oct;139(10):1010-8. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1985.02140120056027.
Between April 1984 and August 1984, a national survey, the Ross Laboratories Infant Nutrition Survey, was undertaken to assess patterns of food consumption of American infants ranging in age from 6.5 months to 13.4 months. Nutrient intakes of 865 infants were evaluated according to different foods (milk and milk products, non-iron-fortified formula, iron-fortified formula, infant cereal, commercial baby foods, and home-prepared table foods). Results indicated that most American infants consumed nutrients in appropriate amounts. However, a large proportion of infants who were fed a diet that included cow's milk received amounts of sodium, potassium, and chloride that exceeded the recommended safe and adequate ranges. The median intake of iron of infants fed either cow's milk or a non-iron-fortified formula was below the recommended dietary allowance; a low percentage of these infants received medicinal iron supplementation. The results also indicated that the median estimated renal solute load of the diet of infants fed cow's milk was approximately twice the amount of that of infants fed formula. These data may be useful in the development of nutritional programs for older infants.
1984年4月至1984年8月期间，开展了一项全国性调查——罗斯实验室婴儿营养调查，旨在评估年龄在6.5个月至13.4个月之间的美国婴儿的食物消费模式。根据不同食物（牛奶及奶制品、非铁强化配方奶粉、铁强化配方奶粉、婴儿谷物食品、商业婴儿食品和家庭自制辅食）对865名婴儿的营养素摄入量进行了评估。结果表明，大多数美国婴儿摄入的营养素量是合适的。然而，很大一部分食用含牛奶饮食的婴儿摄入的钠、钾和氯的量超过了推荐的安全充足范围。食用牛奶或非铁强化配方奶粉的婴儿的铁摄入量中位数低于推荐膳食摄入量；这些婴儿中接受药用铁补充剂的比例较低。结果还表明，食用牛奶的婴儿饮食中估计的肾溶质负荷中位数约为食用配方奶粉婴儿的两倍。这些数据可能有助于制定大龄婴儿的营养计划。
