Gao Wang, Jing Huijuan, Qiu Bo, Zhang Shuobo, Zhang Jingyi, Xu Lvwan, Ba Furong, Xie Siyuan, Liu Xiao-Man, Li Lanjuan, Yao Mingfei
Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory Jinan China.
State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou China.
Food Sci Nutr. 2025 May 14;13(5):e70206. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.70206. eCollection 2025 May.
Probiotic health benefits may be affected by decreased viability during food storage and gastrointestinal transit. Although microencapsulation is an effective protective strategy, its application to probiotics is limited. Currently, research on probiotic biofilms is expanding, with these biofilms being recognized as the fourth generation of probiotics. This study aimed to investigate the effects of biofilm formation on gastrointestinal tolerance and mucoadhesion of three different probiotics: Li01 ( Li01), (), and (). Biofilm growth was markedly inhibited by low pH and high bile salt concentrations. The formation of biofilms greatly improved the survival of all three strains under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The biofilms increased intestinal adhesion and surface hydrophobicity in and Li01, while reducing adhesion in due to decreased hydrophobicity. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis of Li01 identified 157 differentially expressed genes, enriched in pathways including ABC transporters, quorum sensing, purine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, the phosphotransferase system (PTS), RNA polymerase, and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. In conclusion, the formation of biofilms enhances gastrointestinal tolerance and intestinal adhesion of probiotics, presenting great applied potential in increasing the efficacy of probiotics.
益生菌的健康益处可能会受到食品储存和胃肠道转运过程中活力下降的影响。尽管微胶囊化是一种有效的保护策略，但其在益生菌中的应用有限。目前，关于益生菌生物膜的研究正在不断扩展，这些生物膜被认为是第四代益生菌。本研究旨在探讨生物膜形成对三种不同益生菌Li01、（此处原文缺失菌株名称）和（此处原文缺失菌株名称）胃肠道耐受性和黏膜黏附性的影响。低pH值和高胆汁盐浓度显著抑制生物膜生长。生物膜的形成极大地提高了所有三种菌株在模拟胃肠道条件下的存活率。生物膜增加了（此处原文缺失菌株名称）和Li01的肠道黏附性和表面疏水性，而（此处原文缺失菌株名称）由于疏水性降低，生物膜减少了其黏附性。此外，对Li01的转录组分析鉴定出157个差异表达基因，这些基因富集于包括ABC转运蛋白、群体感应、嘌呤代谢、精氨酸生物合成、磷酸转移酶系统（PTS）、RNA聚合酶和NOD样受体信号通路等途径中。总之，生物膜的形成增强了益生菌的胃肠道耐受性和肠道黏附性，在提高益生菌功效方面具有巨大的应用潜力。
