低密度脂蛋白/高密度脂蛋白比值与认知、阿尔茨海默病生物标志物及脑结构的关联

Association of low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio with cognition, Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and brain structure.

作者信息

Zhang Zihao, Ma Lingzhi, Huang Liangyu, Zhu Yangke, Guo Haihua, Wang Lanyang, Zhang Wei, Tan Lan

机构信息

Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.

Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

出版信息

Front Aging Neurosci. 2025 Apr 30;17:1457160. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1457160. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.3389/fnagi.2025.1457160

PMID:40370752

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12075555/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The relationship between the low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein (LDL/HDL) ratio, an indicator of lipid metabolism and assessment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unclear.

METHODS

Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to examine the association of LDL/HDL ratio and the risk of AD. Multiple linear regression and mixed effects models used to assess associations between LDL/HDL and cognitive function, AD pathology, and brain structure. Mediation analyses examined AD pathology's potential mediating role between the LDL/HDL ratio and cognition.

RESULTS

Higher LDL/HDL ratio correlated with lower AD risk (HR 0.644 [0.431, 0.962]). In the linear regression analyses, the LDL/HDL ratio were positively associated with cognition. Longitudinally, the LDL/HDL ratio also positively with cognitive measures. Besides, higher LDL/HDL ratio were associated Aβ and decreased Tau, pTau, Tau/Aβ, pTau/Aβ, and pTau/Tau. The LDL/HDL ratio was positively associated with brain structures such as hippocampal volume. Mediation analyses revealed AD pathology mediated the association between LDL/HDL ratio and cognition.

CONCLUSION

The LDL/HDL ratio is associated with AD risk, cognition, AD biomarkers and brain structure and can affect cognition by AD biomarkers.

摘要

背景

低密度脂蛋白/高密度脂蛋白（LDL/HDL）比值作为脂质代谢指标和心血管疾病（CVD）风险评估指标，与阿尔茨海默病（AD）之间的关系尚不清楚。

方法

采用多变量Cox回归分析来检验LDL/HDL比值与AD风险之间的关联。使用多元线性回归和混合效应模型来评估LDL/HDL与认知功能、AD病理及脑结构之间的关联。中介分析检验AD病理在LDL/HDL比值与认知之间的潜在中介作用。

结果

较高的LDL/HDL比值与较低的AD风险相关（风险比0.644 [0.431, 0.962]）。在线性回归分析中，LDL/HDL比值与认知呈正相关。纵向来看，LDL/HDL比值也与认知测量指标呈正相关。此外，较高的LDL/HDL比值与Aβ相关，并与Tau、pTau、Tau/Aβ、pTau/Aβ及pTau/Tau的降低有关。LDL/HDL比值与海马体积等脑结构呈正相关。中介分析显示AD病理介导了LDL/HDL比值与认知之间的关联。