Zhu Jianqing, Wen Na, Chen Wen, Yu Haotian
Postgraduate Department, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Front Oncol. 2025 Apr 30;15:1586137. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1586137. eCollection 2025.
Mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (MRPs) are essential components of mitochondrial ribosomes, responsible for translating proteins encoded by mitochondrial DNA and maintaining mitochondrial energy metabolism and function. Emerging evidence suggests that MRPs exhibit significant expression changes in multiple cancer types, profoundly affecting tumor biology through modulating oxidative stress levels, inducing metabolic reprogramming, disrupting cell cycle regulation, inhibiting apoptosis, promoting mitophagy, and remodeling the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, MRPs have been implicated in tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the multifaceted roles of MRPs in cancer, focusing on their impact on the tumor microenvironment and their potential as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We also explore the implications of MRPs in precision oncology, particularly in patient stratification and the design of metabolic targeted therapies, offering new insights and research directions for the precise prevention and treatment of cancer.
线粒体核糖体蛋白（MRPs）是线粒体核糖体的重要组成部分，负责翻译线粒体DNA编码的蛋白质，并维持线粒体能量代谢和功能。新出现的证据表明，MRPs在多种癌症类型中表现出显著的表达变化，通过调节氧化应激水平、诱导代谢重编程、破坏细胞周期调控、抑制细胞凋亡、促进线粒体自噬以及重塑肿瘤微环境，深刻影响肿瘤生物学。具体而言，MRPs与肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭和凋亡有关，凸显了它们作为治疗靶点的潜力。本综述总结了MRPs在癌症中的多方面作用，重点关注它们对肿瘤微环境的影响以及作为预后生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜力。我们还探讨了MRPs在精准肿瘤学中的意义，特别是在患者分层和代谢靶向治疗设计方面，为癌症的精准预防和治疗提供了新的见解和研究方向。
