Lan Yanni, Chen Shou, Lan Guipeng, Li Cun, Wei Jiyong
Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China.
Departments of Spine Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Apr 30;13:1573888. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1573888. eCollection 2025.
Fractures of the vertebral column, encompassing various spinal injuries, represent a significant public health burden worldwide. These injuries can lead to long-term disability, reduced quality of life, and substantial healthcare costs.
We utilized comprehensive data sources from the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx). The study employed the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) metric to quantify the burden. First, numbers and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, prevalence, and YLDs were assessed globally and by sub-types including sex, age, socio-demographic index (SDI) regions, Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) regions, and countries in 2021. Furthermore, the temporal trend of the disease burden was explored by the linear regression model from 1990 to 2021. The cluster analysis was used to evaluate the changing pattern of related disease burden across GBD regions. Finally, the age-period-cohort (APC) model were used to predict the future disease burden in the next 25 years.
Exposure to fracture of vertebral column contributed to 7,497,446 incidence, 5,371,438 prevalence, and 545,923 YLDs globally in 2021. The disease burden was higher in males than in females. And it was higher in older adults. High SDI regions were high-risk areas. From 1990 to 2021, the number of cases showed the increasing trend, and the ASRs showed the decreasing trend. The predicted results showed that the number of cases for both genders would still increase from 2022 to 2046.
Our findings highlight the substantial and growing global burden of vertebral column fractures, with significant variations across regions and countries. Targeted interventions to address modifiable risk factors, such as osteoporosis and falls, are essential to mitigate the burden.
脊柱骨折包含各种脊柱损伤，在全球范围内是一项重大的公共卫生负担。这些损伤可导致长期残疾、生活质量下降以及高昂的医疗费用。
我们利用了全球卫生数据交换（GHDx）的综合数据源。该研究采用发病率、患病率和残疾生存年数（YLDs）指标来量化负担。首先，在全球范围内以及按性别、年龄、社会人口指数（SDI）区域、全球疾病负担研究（GBD）区域和国家等亚型评估了2021年发病率、患病率和YLDs的数量及年龄标准化率（ASRs）。此外，通过1990年至2021年的线性回归模型探索了疾病负担的时间趋势。聚类分析用于评估各GBD区域相关疾病负担的变化模式。最后，使用年龄-时期-队列（APC）模型预测未来25年的疾病负担。
2021年，全球脊柱骨折导致7497446例发病、5371438例患病以及545923个YLDs。男性的疾病负担高于女性，且老年人的负担更高。高SDI区域是高风险地区。1990年至2021年，病例数呈上升趋势，而ASRs呈下降趋势。预测结果显示，2022年至2046年两性的病例数仍将增加。
我们的研究结果凸显了全球脊柱骨折负担巨大且呈上升趋势，各区域和国家存在显著差异。针对可改变的风险因素，如骨质疏松症和跌倒，采取有针对性的干预措施对于减轻负担至关重要。
