Lu Yubao, Shang Zhizhong, Zhang Wei, Hu Xuchang, Shen Ruoqi, Zhang Keni, Zhang Yuxin, Zhang Liangming, Liu Bin, Pang Mao, Rong Limin
Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China.
Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
Ageing Res Rev. 2025 Jan;103:102598. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102598. Epub 2024 Nov 26.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to significant functional impairments and mortality, yet outdated epidemiological data hinder effective public health policies. This study utilizes the latest data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) to analyze SCI trends and inform prevention strategies.
Using GBD 2021 data, we examined age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) of SCI, along with trends, driving factors, age-sex-time patterns, and projections up to 2050.
In 2021, the burden of SCI, including incidence, prevalence, and YLDs, increased with age. However, both prevalence and YLDs exhibited a slight decline after peaking at age 70, with similar trends observed in both males and females. From 1990-2021, the global burden of SCI showed a gradual decline across all populations, including males and females, and it is projected to decrease further by 2050. Nevertheless, significant disparities in disease burden exist between different countries and regions; high-SDI areas experienced a gradual decline after reaching a peak, while low-SDI areas saw a gradual increase from low levels. The primary drivers of this change include population growth and aging, although epidemiological shifts have somewhat alleviated the burden of SCI. The research also indicates that males and older adults, particularly those aged 70 and above, bear the most severe burden of SCI, with falls, road injuries, and interpersonal violence being the leading causes of this condition.
While the global burden of SCI is decreasing, the complex distribution across demographics and regions necessitates targeted prevention and treatment strategies to further reduce the burden and improve patient outcomes.
脊髓损伤（SCI）会导致严重的功能障碍和死亡，然而过时的流行病学数据阻碍了有效的公共卫生政策。本研究利用《2021年全球疾病负担研究》（GBD 2021）的最新数据来分析脊髓损伤的趋势并为预防策略提供依据。
利用GBD 2021数据，我们研究了脊髓损伤的年龄标准化发病率、患病率和伤残调整生命年（YLDs），以及趋势、驱动因素、年龄-性别-时间模式和到2050年的预测。
2021年，脊髓损伤的负担，包括发病率、患病率和YLDs，随年龄增长而增加。然而，患病率和YLDs在70岁达到峰值后均略有下降，男性和女性的趋势相似。从1990年到2021年，包括男性和女性在内的所有人群的全球脊髓损伤负担呈逐渐下降趋势，预计到2050年还会进一步下降。尽管如此，不同国家和地区之间在疾病负担方面仍存在显著差异；高社会人口指数（SDI）地区在达到峰值后逐渐下降，而低SDI地区则从低水平逐渐上升。这种变化的主要驱动因素包括人口增长和老龄化，尽管流行病学转变在一定程度上减轻了脊髓损伤的负担。研究还表明，男性和老年人，特别是70岁及以上的老年人，承担着最严重的脊髓损伤负担，跌倒、道路伤害和人际暴力是导致这种情况的主要原因。
虽然全球脊髓损伤负担正在下降，但不同人群和地区的复杂分布需要有针对性的预防和治疗策略，以进一步减轻负担并改善患者预后。
